摘要
为明确黑芝麻的适宜氮肥用量,为黑芝麻科学施肥提供依据,采用大田随机区组设计,以黑芝麻品种冀9014为供试材料,设置0(CK)、60(N60)、120(N120)、180(N180)kg/hm^(2)4个施氮处理,研究不同施氮量对黑芝麻冠层结构、籽粒灌浆、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,施用氮肥可显著提高黑芝麻冠层叶片净光合速率、叶面积指数和叶片SPAD值,降低冠层透光率,显著提高芝麻单株蒴数、单蒴粒数、千粒质量、籽粒产量、生物产量和经济系数,其中以N120处理芝麻平均叶倾角、净光合速率、籽粒灌浆速率、籽粒产量和经济系数最高。2015年和2016年N120处理黑芝麻籽粒产量分别为1 071.2 kg/hm^(2)和1 101.7 kg/hm^(2),较CK、N60、N180处理分别增加129.7%、37.3%、23.7%和110.7%、32.9%、18.7%;经济效益分别为17 245.5元/hm^(2)和19 629.9元/hm^(2),较CK、N60、N180处理分别提高129.2%、36.6%、24.5%和118.2%、34.2%、21.6%。回归分析显示,氮肥用量与黑芝麻产量、经济效益均呈三次函数关系,产量最佳氮肥用量为134.05 kg/hm^(2),经济效益最佳氮肥用量为133.01 kg/hm^(2)。
In order to determine the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer to increase the yield and the economic benefit of black sesame,Ji 9014,a black sesame variety,was used as the experimental material,and four nitrogen application rates of 0(CK),60(N60),120(N120)and 180(N180)kg/ha were set to analyze the effects of different nitrogen application rate on canopy architecture,grain‐filling,yield and economic benefit of black sesame.The results showed that application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate,leaf area index and leaf SPAD value of black sesame canopy,and decreased the canopy transmittance,and increased capsules per plant,seeds per capsule,1 000‐seed weight,grain yield,biological yield and economic coefficient of black sesame.Among them,N120treatment had the highest mean leaf tilt angle,net photosynthetic rate,grain‐filling rate,grain yield and economic coefficient.In 2015 and 2016,the yields of N120 treatment were 1 071.2 kg/ha and 1 101.7kg/ha respectively,compared with CK,N60 and N180 treatments,the yield of N120 treatment increased by 129.7%,37.3%,23.7%and 110.7%,32.9%,18.7%respectively.The economic benefits of N120treatment were 17 245.5 Yuan/ha and 19 629.9 Yuan/ha respectively,compared with CK,N60 and N180treatments,the economic benefit of N120 treatment increased by 129.2%,36.6%,24.5%and 118.2%,34.2%,21.6%respectively.The regression analysis showed that the relationship between nitrogen application amount and yield,economic benefit of black sesame were cubic function.Based on the same phosphorus and potassium fertilizer inputs,the best yield was obtained under 134.05 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer amount,and the best economic benefit was obtained under 133.01 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer amount.
作者
李春明
裴新涌
张海洋
高桐梅
李丰
王龙
卫双玲
LI Chunming;PEI Xinyong;ZHANG Haiyang;GAO Tongmei;LI Feng;WANG Long;WEI Shuangling(Sesame Research Center,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Institute of Agricultural Economy and Information,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2021年第12期48-55,共8页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-14-1-14)
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2020ZC53)。
关键词
黑芝麻
施氮量
产量
籽粒灌浆
冠层结构
经济效益
Black sesame
Nitrogen application rate
Yield
Grain-filling
Canopy architecture
Economic benefit
