摘要
本试验旨在研究库存稻糙米对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)雄性肉鸡210只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复7只鸡。对照组(CON组)饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,4个稻糙米组分别用黑龙江粮库储存1年(H1组)或6年(H6组)的粳稻糙米、安徽粮库储存1年(A1组)或4年(A4组)的中晚籼稻糙米,100%替代基础饲粮中的玉米。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,4种库存稻糙米对21、42日龄肉鸡的生长性能和免疫器官指数,42日龄肉鸡的屠宰性能、胸肌和腿肌pH、熟肉率均无显著影响(P>0.05),仅A1和A4组42日龄肉鸡胸肌的滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,4种库存稻糙米显著降低了21日龄肉鸡血清白蛋白(ALB)含量(P<0.05);H1和H6组21日龄肉鸡血清总蛋白(TP)和总胆固醇(TC)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与CON和A1组相比,A4组21日龄肉鸡血清TP含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,4种库存稻糙米显著升高了21、42日龄肉鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(P<0.05),显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。与H1组相比,H6组21、42日龄肉鸡血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)、SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05),MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05)。A1和A4组之间21、42日龄肉鸡血清抗氧化指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与CON组相比,4种库存稻糙米显著升高了21日龄肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和42日龄肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05)。H6组42日龄肉鸡血清IgG和IgM含量显著低于H1组(P<0.05),而A1和A4组肉鸡血清免疫指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知:1)与储存1年的稻糙米相比,黑龙江粮库储存6年的粳稻糙米降低了肉鸡的血清抗氧化和免疫功能,安徽粮库储存4年的中晚籼稻糙米降低了肉鸡生长前期血清中TP的含量。2)品质良好的库存稻糙米替代玉米对肉鸡的生长性能、免疫器官指数、屠宰性能和肉品质无显著影响,可作为安全优质的能量饲料原料用于肉鸡饲粮配方。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of stored brown rice on growth performance,immune organ indexes,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of broilers.A total of 210 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)male broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 7 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group(CON group)were fed a corn-soybean meal type basal diet,and those in the four brown rice groups were fed japonica brown rice stored in Heilongjiang granaries for 1 year(H1 group)or 6 years(H6 group),and medium late indica brown rice stored in Anhui granaries for 1 year(A1 group)or 4 years(A4 group),respectively,to replace 100%corn in the basal diet for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in growth performance and immune organ indexes of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age between the CON group and four brown rice groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in slaughter performance,pH and cooking loss of breast muscle and leg muscle of broilers at 42 days of age between the CON group and four brown rice groups(P>0.05),but the drip loss of breast muscle in A1 and A6 groups was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05).2)Compared with the CON group,the content of serum albumin(ALB)of broilers at 21 days of age was significantly decreased in four brown rice groups(P<0.05),and the contents of serum total protein(TP)and total cholesterol(TC)of broilers at 21 days of age were significantly decreased in H1 and H6 groups(P<0.05).The content of serum TP of broilers at 21 days of age in A4 group was significantly lower than that in CON and A1 groups(P<0.05).3)Compared with the CON group,the activities of serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age were significantly increased(P<0.05)and the content of serum malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly decreased in four brown rice groups(P<0.05).The activities of serum catalase(CAT)and SOD of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age in H6 group were significantly lower than those in H1 group(P<0.05),while the content of serum MDA was significantly higher than that in H1 group(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in serum antioxidant indexes between A1 and A4 groups at 21 and 42 days of age(P>0.05).4)Compared with the CON group,the contents of serum IgA at 21 days of age and IgM at 42 days of age were significantly increased in four brown rice groups(P<0.05).The contents of serum IgG and IgM in H6 group were significantly lower than those in H1 group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in serum immune indexes between A1 and A4 groups(P>0.05).In conclusion:1)compared with brown rice stored for one year,japonica brown rice stored for six years in Heilongjiang granaries reduces the serum antioxidant and immune functions of broilers,while medium late indica brown rice stored for four years in Anhui granaries reduces the contents of serum TP of broilers in early growth stage.2)The substitution of good quality stored brown rice for corn has no significant effect on growth performance,immune organ indexes,slaughter performance and meat quality of broilers,which can be used as safe and high-quality energy feedstuff for broilers’feed formula.
作者
何贝贝
李爱科
刘宽博
施晶晶
范寰
闫峻
成俊林
王永伟
HE Beibei;LI Aike;LIU Kuanbo;SHI Jingjing;FAN Huan;YAN Jun;CHENG Junlin;WANG Yongwei(Institute of Grain Quality and Nutrition Research,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 102629,China;Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjing 300380,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期285-296,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“库存稻谷饲用营养价值评定及在畜禽上的应用(ZX1925)”。
关键词
库存稻糙米
肉鸡
生长性能
屠宰性能
肉品质
血清生化指标
stored brown rice
broilers
growth performance
slaughter performance
meat quality
serum biochemical indexes
