摘要
利用2019年1月至7月伊犁喀什河流域的水化学测试数据,采用Piper三线图、相关性分析、Gibbs模型等方法,分析喀什河流域的地表水水化学特征及其控制因素,并对其物质来源进行探讨.结果表明,喀什河流域地表水呈弱碱性(7.77≤pH≤8.16),TDS介于184.8-588.12 mg·L^(-1)之间,其浓度均值(243.48 mg·L^(-1))低于世界半干旱区地表水TDS的均值(370 mg·L^(-1)),同时低于干旱区地表水TDS的均值(440 mg·L^(-1)),但高于世界河流的均值(115 mg·L^(-1));阳离子以Ca^(2+)为主,HCO_(3)^(-)为其主要阴离子,两者分别占其相应离子总量的82.8%和82.6%;研究区主要离子浓度总体随海拔升高而降低,主要原因是高海拔流域冰雪融水占比高;水化学类型以HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Mg和HCO_(3)^(-)Ca型为主;地表水主要离子受岩石风化作用和阳离子交换作用的影响,主要离子来源于碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化溶解,HCO_(3)^(-)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)与SO_(4)^(2-)主要来自白云岩等碳酸岩盐的风化溶解,Na^(+)与K^(+)主要来自长石类硅酸盐岩的风化溶解,人类活动对离子组分的影响较弱.
Based on the hydrochemical data of Kashi River Basin from January to July in 2019,this study analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics,the control factors of surface water in Kashi River Basin by using Piper diagrams,correlation analysis and Gibbs model.We also discussed the material source on hydrochemical of surface water.The results as follows:the surface water was weakly alkaline,value of pH was from 7.77 to 8.16,in Kashi River Basin.Average concentration of TDS was 243.48 mg·L^(-1)(the variation range of TDS was 184.8-588.12 mg·L^(-1)),which was lower than that in world semi-arid area(370 mg·L^(-1))and arid area(440 mg·L^(-1)),but higher than that in world rivers(115 mg·L^(-1));Ca^(2+) and HCO_(3)^(-)were the main ions which respectively account for 82.8%and 82.6%of their corresponding total ions,The concentration of main ions generally decreased with increasing altitude in study area,which was mainly due to the high proportion of melt water from ice and snow in high altitude basin;The hydrochemical types are mainly HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Mg and HCO_(3)^(-)Ca;The main ions of surface water are affected by rock weathering and cation exchange.The main ions come from weathering and dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks.HCO_(3)^(-),Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)mainly come from weathering and dissolution of carbonate rock salt such as dolomite.Na^(+)and K^(+)mainly come from weathering and dissolution of feldspar silicate rocks.Human activities have a weak influence on ion components.
作者
杨景燕
杨余辉
胡义成
冯先成
曾康康
吴丽萍
YANG Jingyan;YANG Yuhui;HU Yicheng;FENG Xiancheng;ZENG Kangkang;WU Liping(College of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Region,Urumqi,830054,China;Meteorological Information Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,830001,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期3815-3827,共13页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金(41761004)
新疆“天山青年计划”优秀科技人才培养项目(2018Q026)资助。
关键词
水化学特征
地表水
离子来源
化学成因
喀什河流域
hydrochemical characteristics
surface water
ion sources
chemical genesis
Kashi River Basin
