摘要
风机是传统行业的主要耗能原件。对风机进行优化设计,提升风机的静压效率对于节能环保具有重要的意义。迄今为止风机的优化设计更多聚焦叶轮结构,对于轮盖结构及间隙对风机性能影响的研究却很少。为提高一款工业离心式风机气动性能,通过实验和数值模拟的方法研究了轮盖结构与间隙以及前安装角对风机性能的影响,并对其进行了优化设计。首先,对风机进行测试,获得了风机的性能参数,研究了风机上盖板结构对风机性能的影响,发现平整上盖板能减少局部损失,提高效率。其次,通过数值模拟方法对风机进行参数敏感性试验,依据计算结果发现改变叶轮叶片前安装角以及叶轮与蜗壳之间的间隙对风机的气动性能均有不同影响,进而对风机进行结构改进。结果表明,改进后的风机气动性能明显改善,静压效率整体提高3%。可见,该离心风机蜗壳上盖板结构不够合理,改进蜗壳结构的风机能有效减少蜗壳不平带来的二次流损失,改进风机蜗壳与叶轮间隙可以有效缓解风机由于内泄露带来的能量损失,改进叶轮叶片前安装角可以减小因内泄露导致的叶轮底部流量增大、安装角与气流角的偏差。
Fans are the main energy-consuming components in traditional industries.Optimizing the design of the fan and improving the static pressure efficiency of the fan are of great significance for energy conservation and environmental protection.So far,the optimized design of fans has focused more on the impeller structure,and there are few studies on the influence of the structure of the wheel cover and the gap on the performance of the fan.In order to improve the aerodynamic performance of an industrial centrifugal fan,the experimental and numerical simulation methods were used to investigate the influence of the structure and clearance of the wheel cover and the front installation angle on the performance of the fan,and to optimize the design.Firstly,the fan was tested to obtain the performance parameters of the fan,and the influence of the structure of the upper cover plate of the fan on the performance of the fan was studied.It was found that the flat upper cover plate can reduce local losses and improve the efficiency.Secondly,the parameter sensitivity test of the fan was carried out through the numerical simulation method.According to the calculation results,it is found that changing the front installation angle of the impeller blade and the gap between the impeller and the volute have different effects on the aerodynamic performance of the fan,and then the structure of the fan is improved.The results show that the aerodynamic performance of the improved fan is significantly improved,and the overall static pressure efficiency is increased by 3%.It can be seen that the structure of the upper cover plate of the volute of the centrifugal fan is not reasonable.Improving the fan function of the volute structure can effectively reduce the secondary flow loss caused by the uneven volute.Improving the gap between the volute and the impeller can effectively alleviate the energy loss caused by the internal leakage of the fan.Improving the front installation angle of the impeller blade can reduce the increase of the flow at the bottom of the impeller caused by the internal leakage deviation between installation angle and air flow angle.
作者
余晴阳
吴鹏
邓业林
YU Qing-yang;WU Peng;DENG Ye-lin(School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2022年第5期1879-1886,共8页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(12072216&51905361)
国家自然科学基金中德合作与交流项目(M-0231)。
关键词
离心式风机
轮盖结构
叶片前安装角
轮盖间隙
性能改进
centrifugal fan
wheel cover structure
blade front mounting angle
wheel cover clearance
performance improvements
