摘要
芜湖市位于长江经济带,农业面源污染控制对于长江生态大保护至关重要。本研究分析了芜湖市2017年化肥使用量,核算了种植业农田氮磷流失量,并剖析了芜湖市化肥使用现状。结果表明,存在传统的施肥方法和施肥结构不合理、化肥施用类型单一施用量偏大、高效施肥技术普及率低等问题。研究提出并分析芜湖市适用的水稻机械化插秧同步侧深施肥技术、水稻精确定量栽培技术、油菜轻简化栽培技术、生态沟渠拦截技术和农田尾水利用技术等化肥减量增效与农田氮磷流失控制技术,在技术研究与推广同时,需逐步建立化肥减量增效技术体系。研究结果可为改善长江流域生态环境,促进芜湖市农业绿色发展提供参考。
Wuhu City is located in the Yangtze River Economic Zone,where the agricultural non-point source pollution control is vitally important to the ecological conservation of the Yangtze River.This study analyzed the amount of chemical fertilizer use in Wuhu City in 2017,calculated the nitrogen and phosphorus loss of farmland,and analyzed the present situation of chemical fertilizer application.It is found that the main problems of traditional chemical fertilizer use in Wuhu City are unreasonable fertilizing method and structure,single fertilizer type with large application rate,and low popularization rate of high-efficiency fertilizing technology.The research put forward the side deep fertilizing technology of mechanized rice transplantation,the accurate quantitative cultivation technology of rice,the light and simple cultivation technology of rape,the interception technology of ecological ditches and the utilization technology of farmland tail water,aiming to establish the technical system of fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement.The results can provide technical reference for improving the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin and promoting the green development of agriculture in Wuhu City.
作者
李陈
郭龙
马中文
武升
吴支行
马友华
LI Chen;GUO Long;MA Zhongwen;WU Sheng;WU ZhiHang;MA Youhua(Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention/School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Wuhu Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhu,Anhui 241000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第1期100-105,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
长江生态环境保护修复联合研究项目“芜湖市长江生态环境保护技术与方案研究”(2019-LHYJ-01-0208-15)。
关键词
化肥
减量增效
种植业
面源污染
氮磷流失
施肥模式
长江流域
芜湖市
chemical fertilizer
fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement
crop farming
non-point source pollution
nitrogen and phosphorus loss
fertilization mode
the Yangtze River basin
Wuhu City
