摘要
目的了解湖南省登革热媒介伊蚊种群、季节消长规律及抗药性情况,为本省登革热防控提供依据。方法2020年在全省设立6个监测点,4—10月份每月监测媒介伊蚊幼虫和成蚊种群、密度,采集伊蚊幼虫进行抗药性测定。幼虫密度监测采用布雷图指数法和诱蚊诱卵器法,成蚊采用双层叠帐法,抗药性监测幼虫采用浸渍法,成蚊采用接触筒法。结果布雷图指数法共调查25200户,布雷图指数为10.08,其中城镇居民区为11.06,农村居民区为9.10。7月份到达高峰为19.42,10月份最低为3.22。全年共布放25100个诱蚊诱卵器,诱蚊诱卵指数为6.31,其中城镇居民区为7.98,农村居民区为4.67。7月份到达高峰,诱蚊诱卵指数为15.56,4月份最低为0.16。成蚊监测共布放1008帐次,捕获白纹伊蚊590只,总帐诱指数为1.17只/顶·h。其中公园/竹林帐诱指数最高为1.60只/顶·h,城镇居民区次之为1.49只/顶·h。全年密度高峰在7月份为2.39只/顶·h,最低在4月份0.03只/顶·h。抗药性监测显示,六个监测点的成蚊对所提供的拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均产生了不同程度的抗性,对两种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂均敏感。各监测点幼虫对所提供的三种杀虫剂的抗药性水平主要为敏感或低抗。结论本省登革热的传播媒介为白纹伊蚊,在全省广泛分布且夏秋季节密度较高。一旦有输入性病例,可造成本地暴发和流行的风险。采取以孳生地治理为主的综合治理措施,科学防蚊灭蚊,是防控登革热的根本措施。
Objective To understand the population,seasonal fluctuation and drug resistance of Aedes mosquitoes,the vector of dengue fever in Hunan Province so as to provide a basis for prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods Six monitoring points were set up in the whole province to monitor the population and density of Aedes mosquito larvae and adults monthly from April to October 2020,and Aedes mosquito larvae were collected for drug resistance monitoring.The density of larvae was monitored by the Brayton index method and ovitrap method.Adult mosquitoes were monitored by double-layer net method.The resistance of larvae was monitored by dipping method.Adult mosquitoes were monitored by contact tube method.Results A total of 25,200 households were surveyed by the Brayton index method,and the Brayton index was 10.08,including 11.06 in urban residential areas and 9.10 in rural residential areas.It reached the peak of 19.42 in July and the lowest of 3.22 in October.A total of 25,100 ovitraps were deployed throughout the year.The ovitrap index was 6.31,which was 7.98 in urban residential areas and 4.67 in rural residential areas.It reached the peak in July,the oviposition index was 15.56,and the lowest was 0.16 in April.A total of 1,008 mosquito nets were distributed,and 590 Aedes albopictus were captured.The total net trapping index was 1.17 mosquitoes per net·hour.Among them,the highest trap index of Park/bamboo forest was 1.6 per net·hour,followed by that of urban residential areas(1.49 per net·hour).The annual density peak was 2.39 per net·hour in July,and the lowest was 0.03 per net·hour in April.Resistance monitoring showed that adult mosquitoes in the six monitoring sites were resistant to pyrethroid insecticides,but sensitive to two carbamate insecticides.The levels of resistance of larvae to the three insecticides were mainly sensitive or low resistant.Conclusion Aedes albopictus is the vector of dengue fever in Hunan Province,which is widely distributed in the whole province and has a high density in summer and autumn.Once there are imported cases,there are risks of local outbreaks and epidemics.It is the fundamental measure to prevent and control dengue fever to take comprehensive control measures based on breeding area control and scientific mosquito control.
作者
段丽琼
吕炜
黄谊
DUAN Li-qiong;LYU Wei;HUANG Yi(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2022年第2期182-185,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
湖南省卫计委一般项目(B20180646)。
关键词
登革热
伊蚊
监测
布雷图指数法
诱蚊诱卵器法
双层叠帐法
dengue fever
Aedes mosquito
monitoring
Brayton index method
method of mosquito ovitrap
double-layer net method
