摘要
【目的】研究种植密度和喷施乙烯利对夏玉米木质素代谢与抗倒伏性能的调控机理,探讨密度和乙烯利对夏玉米抗倒伏性能的作用机制。【方法】选用夏玉米品种浚单20(XD20)为试验材料,设置60 000株/hm2(低密度,L)、75 000株/hm;(中密度,M)和90 000株/hm;(高密度,H)3个种植密度,于7叶期(V7)分别对不同处理玉米植株喷施清水或乙烯利,研究密度和乙烯利对植株形态、第三节间显微结构、木质素代谢和产量等影响。【结果】乳熟期(milking stage,R3),与低密度处理(LCK)相比,高密度处理(HCK)第三茎节节间长度增加19.75%,茎粗、穿刺强度、小维管束数目、小维管束面积和皮层厚度分别降低8.00%,43.46%,20.41%,26.92%和22.05%;木质素含量、PAL活性、4CL活性、CAD活性和POD活性分别降低24.04%、33.81%、10.92%、49.06%和20.78%。R3时期,与HCK相比,高密度喷施乙烯利处理(HE)第三茎节节间长度降低40.70%,茎粗、穿刺强度、小维管束数目、小维管束面积和皮层厚度分别提高14.22%,66.10%,22.71%,22.11%和35.96%;木质素含量、PAL活性、4CL活性、CAD活性和POD活性分别提高28.28%、30.74%、13.01%、59.26%和16.99%。【结论】随种植密度的增加,夏玉米抗倒伏性能降低。喷施乙烯利后,夏玉米茎秆强度和木质素代谢能力增强,抗倒伏性能增强,最终产量增加。在本试验条件下,浚单20种植密度为90 000株/hm2时喷施乙烯利对木质素代谢和抗倒伏性能的改善作用最显著,产量最高。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulation mechanism of planting density and spraying ethephon on lignin metabolism and lodging resistance characteristics and to explore the mechanism of planting density and ethephon application on lodging resistance characteristics of summer maize. 【Method】 In this study, the summer maize hybrid, Xundan20,was grown by spraying water or ethephon at the seven-expanded-leaf stage under three different plant densities(60 000 plants/hm;,low density, L;75 000 plants/hm2, medium density, M;90 000 plants/hm;, high density, H) in order to explore the effects of density and ethephon on plant morphology, the third internode microstructure, lignin metabolism and yield, etc.【Result】 Compared with LCK at milking stage, the internode length of the third stem under HCK increased by 19.75%. The stem diameter, stalk rind penetration strength, small vascular bundle number, small vascular bundle area and cortex thickness under HCK were 8.00%, 43.46%,20.41%, 26.92% and 22.05% lower than those under LCK, respectively. The lignin accumulation and enzyme activity of PAL, 4-CL,CAD and POD under HCK were 24.04%, 33.81%、10.92%, 49.06% and 20.78% lower than those under LCK, respectively.Compared with HCK at milking stage, the internode length of the third stem under HE decreased by 34.84%. The stem diameter,stalk rind penetration strength, small vascular bundle number, small vascular bundle area and cortex thickness of HE were 14.22%,66.10%,22.71%,22.11% and 35.96% higher than those under HCK, respectively. The lignin accumulation and enzyme activity of PAL, 4-CL, CAD and POD of HE were 28.28%, 30.74%, 13.01%, 59.26% and 16.99% higher than those under HCK, respectively.【Conclusion】 Lodging resistance of summer maize decreased with the increasing of planting density. After the application of ethephon, the stem strength and lignin metabolism of summer maize were enhanced, the lodging resistance was enhanced, and finally maize yield was increased. The effect of spraying ethephon on the lignin metabolism and lodging resistance of XD 20 was the most significant when the planting density was 90 000 plants/hm2, and yield was the highest.
作者
耿文杰
李宾
任佰朝
赵斌
刘鹏
张吉旺
GENG WenJie;LI Bin;REN BaiZhao;ZHAO Bin;LIU Peng;ZHANG JiWang(College of Agronomy,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Taian 271018,Shandong;Maize Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province,Laizhou 261400,Shandong)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期307-319,共13页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-02-21)
山东省中央引导地方科技发展资金(YDZX20203700002548)
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019ZZ013)。
关键词
种植密度
乙烯利
夏玉米
抗倒伏
木质素代谢
planting density
ethephon
summer maize
lodging resistance
lignin metabolism
