摘要
试验选用 1 2 0头体重约 2 0kg的三元杂交猪 [杜洛克× (约克夏×长白 ) ]分为 1 0组 ,采用 2 (一定的钙磷比 1 2 5∶1和一定的钙 (Ca)水平 :生长期 0 60 % ,肥育期 0 5 0 % )× 5 (有效磷 (AP)水平生长期0 1 3、0 1 8、0 2 3、0 2 8、0 3 3 % ,肥育期 0 0 7、0 1 1、0 1 5、0 1 9、0 2 3 % )随机组合设计 ,研究AP水平对 2 0～90kg生长肥育猪生产性能、骨骼发育和血清生化指标的影响。结果表明 ,(1 )饲粮钙磷比保持 1 2 5 :1时 ,随着AP水平的升高 :A、生长猪的平均日增重 (P >0 0 5 )、采食量 (P <0 0 1 )、血清无机磷浓度 (P <0 0 1 )提高 ,AP0 3 3 %～Ca0 72 %组料重比最低 ,各组血清钙浓度和碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)活性无显著差异 (P>0 0 5 ) ;B、肥育猪平均日增重趋于增加 (P >0 0 5 ) ,采食量极显著提高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,料重比AP0 1 1～0 1 9%组显著低于 0 0 7%和 0 2 3 %组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,血清中无机磷 (P >0 0 5 )和钙浓度 (P <0 0 1 )提高 ,无机磷浓度峰值在AP0 1 9%组出现 ,血清ALP活性AP0 0 7%～Ca0 3 9%组极显著或显著高于其它组 (P <0 0 1、0 0 5 ) ;C、股骨和第 3、4跖骨的长度、骨壁厚度、脱脂干骨重及其灰分、磷、钙的绝对重量随AP水平提高而显著或极显著 (P
crossbred pigs weighing 20 kg were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary available phosphorus (AP) levels on performances, bone measurement characteristics and serum criteria of growing pigs weighing from 20 to 50 kg and finishing pigs weighing from 50 to 90 kg. The experiment used a 2 (dietary Ca∶P=1.25∶1 and Ca 0.60% for growing pigs, Ca 0.50% for finishing pigs)×5(AP 0.13, 0.18, 0.23, 0.28, 0.33% for growing pigs and 0 07,0 11, 0 15, 0 19, 0 23% for finishing pigs) factorial randomized-block design. The results indicated that when dietary AP and Ca levels increased in a Ca:P ratio of 1 25:1, performances and serum inorganic P concentration of growing pigs increased (p<0.01), so as the performances (P<0.05) , serum inorganic P and Ca concentration (p<0.01) of finishing pigs, but the maximum of performances and serum inorganic P concentration of finishing pigs reached at the dietary AP level of 0.19%. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity of finishing pigs offered 0.07% AP diet was higher than others (p<0.05). Length, Wall thickness, dry fat-free ash, P, Ca weight and percentage of femur, the third, fourth metatarsals increased significantly with higher dietary AP and Ca levels. When only dietary AP level increased (dietary Ca levels were 0.60% and 0.50% for growing and finishing pigs respectively), performances of growing pigs were influenced regularlessly but those offered 0.13%,0.23% and 0.33% AP diet were higher than others, serum inorganic P concentration of growing pigs increased (p>0.05), serum alkaline phosphatase activity of growing pigs offered 0.13% AP diet was higher than others (p<0.05). Performances of finishing pigs fed on 0.15% AP diet were better than others (p<0.05 or 0.01). Serum inorganic P concentration of finishing pigs increased and reached maximum at 0.19% AP. When pigs offered 0.23-0.28% AP diet in growing period and 0.15-0.19% AP diet in finishing period, the femur developed better, so as the third and fourth metatarsals. Pigs offered the lowest AP level diet brought about aphosphorosis in growing and finishing period, those offered the highest AP level diet showed excess-phosphorus symptoms in finishing period. It was concluded that the dietary available phosphorus requirements of growing and finishing pigs were 0.33% (TP 0.58%) and 0.19%(TP 0.43%) respectively for the maximum performances and bone development, the corresponding dietary Ca levels were 0.72% and 0.54%. But when offered the 0.60% and 0.50% Ca levels diet respectively, the dietary available phosphorus requirements of growing and finishing pigs were 0.23% (TP 0.48%) and 0.15%(TP 0.39%) respectively.
出处
《养猪》
2002年第4期1-7,共7页
Swine Production
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (390 0 0 0 72 )
关键词
生长
肥育猪
有效磷
需要量
pigs, available phosphorus, calcium, requirement, performance,femur, metatarsal
