摘要
工程结构会缓慢老化并逐渐劣化,其劣化从材料层面开始,在早期阶段感知材料性能的劣化便可在结构发生重大损坏前进行维护,从而提升其安全性、韧性与寿命。因此,材料性能的自感知对于发展具有数字化特征的智能结构至关重要。混凝土是应用最广泛的工程材料,但其主要作为结构材料使用,并不具有本征自感知性能。复合导电或半导体填料可使混凝土具备感知自身应变、应力或损伤(包括裂纹和疲劳等)的能力,同时还可提升其力学和耐久性。本征自感知混凝土的出现为发展智能结构进而实现其原位监测奠定了材料基础。该文系统介绍了本征自感知混凝土的组成与制备、测试与表征、性能与调控、机理与模型,及其智能结构等方面的研究进展,及现今存在的挑战和未来发展策略。
Engineering structures face slow ageing and gradual deterioration during their service lives,which initiates at the material level.Perceiving the deterioration in material performance at an early stage can provide help for effective maintenance before the serious structural failure,thus improving the safety and resilience as well as lifespan of the structure.Therefore,self-sensing material performance is an important paradigm for updating structure models with smart digital insights.Concrete,the most widely used engineering material,is mainly used in structures and has no intrinsic self-sensing property.The incorporation of conductive or semiconductive fillers can make concrete have the ability to sense stress,strain and damage(including crack and fatigue,etc.)in itself,and also improve its mechanical properties and durability.The emergence of intrinsic self-sensing concrete has laid a material foundation for the development of smart structures and the realization of in-situ monitoring by using the smart structure.It will systematically review the research progress of the composition and preparation,measurement and characterization,performance and regulation,mechanism and model of intrinsic self-sensing concrete,and its smart structures,as well as current challenges and strategies for future development.
作者
丁思齐
韩宝国
欧进萍
DING Si-qi;HAN Bao-guo;OU Jin-ping(School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055,China;School of Civil Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116024,China)
出处
《工程力学》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期1-10,共10页
Engineering Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51978127)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0705601)。
关键词
混凝土
本征自感知
填料
电学性能
智能
结构
concrete
intrinsic self-sensing
fillers
electrical properties
smart
structures
