摘要
目的水是人类赖以生存的重要因素。提高饮水安全建设,确保安全与卫生用水是人类健康的基础性工程。方法本研究选取2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)数据中12 211名≥45岁中老年人作为研究对象,采用描述统计分析不同特征人群慢性病患病情况,并运用Logistic回归和最小二乘线性(OLS)回归模型以及倾向值匹配的方法,分析住所自来水使用与是否患慢性病及慢性病患病数量的关系。结果目前中国中老年人住所自来水普及率达到81.60%,中老年人慢性病现患率68.63%,患病种类数为(1.112±1.118)种。在控制混杂因素后,与住所没有自来水的中老年人相比,有自来水的中老年人患慢性病的可能性更小(OR=0.836, 95%CI:0.751~0.930),患慢性病的数量也更少(β=-0.080, 95%CI:-0.132~-0.028)。从城乡差异来看,城市有自来水的中老年人患慢性病的数量相对较少(β=-0.097, 95%CI:-0.151~-0.043)。经倾向值匹配后结果保持稳健。结论应当持续推进中国改水工程,加大对居民安全饮水的宣传力度,此外也要综合中老年人实际情况有针对性地开展慢性病预防工作。
Objective Water is of utmost importance for human survival. Improving drinking water safety construction to ensure water safety and sanitation is a basic project for population health. Methods In this study, 12 211 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 and over were selected from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases in different populations. Logistic regression model and linear regression and propensity score matching methods were used to analyze the relationship between tap water and chronic diseases, as well as the number of chronic diseases. Results The proportion of middle-aged and elderly people in China who have tap water was 81.60%. The prevalence rate of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people was 68.63%, and the average number of disease types was(1.112±1.118). After controlling confounding factors, middle-aged and elderly people who have tap water in their residence were less likely to suffer from chronic diseases(OR=0.836, 95% CI: 0.751-0.930), as well as have fewer chronic diseases than those without tap water(β=-0.080, 95% CI:-0.132--0.028). From the perspective of urban-rural differences, the number of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people with tap water in the urban was more less(β=-0.097, 95% CI:-0.151--0.043). Those results above remain robust after matching the propensity value. Conclusions China’s water improvement project should be continuously promoted, and the publicity of residents on drinking water safety should be strengthened. Besides, it is necessary to carry out chronic disease prevention based on the actual situation of the middle-aged and elderly.
作者
赵蔓
刘运铎
徐超凡
郭超
ZHAO Man;LIU Yun-duo;XU Chao-fan;GUO Chao(Institute of Population Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;APEC Health Science Academy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期169-174,199,共7页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
国家自然科学基金(82103955)。
关键词
自来水
慢性病
中老年人
Tap water
Chronic diseases
Middle-aged and elderly people
