摘要
目的了解延安市流行性感冒(简称流感)的活动水平和流行特征,为本市今后的流感防控工作提供依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统收集2009年9月至2020年12月延安市哨点医院急门诊流感样病例监测数据和延安市疾病预防控制中心流感实验室接收的8 983份流感样病例样本,运用描述性流行病学方法对数据及样本进行统计分析和病原学检测。结果延安市哨点医院共报告流感样病例15 416例,占急诊与门诊患者总数的1.44%。流感实验室检测出876例核酸阳性样本,阳性率为9.75%,其中以季H3型和新甲H1型为主,分别占38.01%和37.21%。不同年份、月份、年龄的核酸阳性率差异均有统计学意义,不同性别的核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论 2009—2020年延安市流感活动水平比较平稳,优势毒株呈现交替流行的特点。在流感的活跃期(冬春季)应加强重点人群的疫苗接种、卫生宣教和环境消毒等防控措施。
Objective Understanding the activity level and epidemic characteristics of influenza in Yan’an City will provide a basis for the city’s future influenza prevention and control work.Methods The monitoring data of emergency and outpatient influenza-like illness of Yan’an sentinel hospital from September 2009 to December 2020 were collected through the China Influenza Surveillance System,as well as 8 983 influenza-like illness samples received by the influenza laboratory of the Yan’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The collected data and samples were statistically analyzed and pathogenic detected by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results Yan’an sentinel hospitals reported a total of 15 416 influenza-like cases,accounting for 1.44% of emergency outpatients.The influenza laboratory detected 876 nucleic acid-positive samples with a positive rate of 9.75%.Among them,the seasonal H3 type and the new A H1 type were the main ones,accounting for 38.01% and 37.21%,respectively.The differences in nucleic acid positive rates of different years,months,and ages were statistically significant,and the differences in nucleic acid positive rates of different genders were not statistically significant.Conclusion From 2009 to 2020,the level of influenza activity in Yan’an City was relatively stable,and the dominant strains showed the characteristics of alternating epidemics.During the active period of influenza(winter and spring),prevention and control measures such as vaccination,hygiene education and environmental disinfection of key populations should be strengthened.
作者
刘玮
贺莉
纪建军
白跳
马园
王玲玲
LIU Wei;HE Li;JI Jianjun;BAI Tiao;MA Yuan;WANG Lingling(Yan’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yan’an 716000,China)
出处
《延安大学学报（医学科学版）》
2021年第4期97-102,共6页
Journal of Yan'an University:Medical Science Edition
关键词
流感
流行病学
亚型
人群监测
Influenza
Epidemiology
Subtype
Population surveillance
