摘要
植物多样性是影响牧草光合特性和生物量的重要因素,探究不同植物多样性水平下牧草光合特性及生物量的变化,对于优化多年生混播草地物种配置、提高持久性具有重要的意义。为此,以羊草、无芒雀麦、紫花苜蓿和扁蓿豆为对象,按照1、2、4个物种丰富度梯度,构建3个多样性水平的人工草地。结果表明,不同牧草及多样性水平下叶片的荧光参数具有显著差异(P<0.05)。单播豆科牧草的实际光合效率[Y(Ⅱ)]高于禾本科牧草26.16%,与各物种单播相比,2物种混播下羊草、无芒雀麦、紫花苜蓿的Y(Ⅱ)分别增加了1.17%、14.23%、16.97%;4物种混播下羊草、无芒雀麦、紫花苜蓿和扁蓿豆的Y(Ⅱ)分别降低了4.48%、44.27%、1.70%、62.22%。2物种和4物种混播的地上生物量分别比单播增加了13.99%和15.03%,且禾本科牧草地上生物量的增加幅度明显高于豆科牧草。扁蓿豆地上生物量与最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),与光化学淬灭系数(qP)呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。综上,豆科与禾本科牧草两物种混播更利于牧草充分利用光能,并且有利于维持较高的牧草产量。这将为半干旱区人工草地建设和可持续利用提供一定理论依据。
Plant diversity is an important factor affecting photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of forages.Exploring effects of plant diversity on photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of forages is vital to optimize species constitution of mixed artificial perennial grassland and improve durability.In this study,mixed artificial grassland was established by three diversity gradients(1,2,and 4 species),respectively,using four species(Leymus chinensis,Bromus inermis,Medicago sativa and Melissitus ruthenica).The results showed that significant differences in leaf fluorescence parameters were observed in different diversity gradients(P<0.05).The actual photochemical quantum[Y(Ⅱ)]of leguminous forages was increased by 26.16%compared with gramineous forages under individual sowing conditions.Compared with individual sowing conditions,Y(Ⅱ)value of L.chinensis,B.inermis,and M.sativa was increased by 1.17%,14.23%,and 16.97%,respectively,in two species mixed artificial grassland,while Y(Ⅱ)value of L.chinensis,B.inermis,M.sativa,and M.ruthenica was reduced by 4.48%,44.27%,1.70%,62.22%,respectively,in four species mixed artificial grassland.The aboveground biomass of 2 and 4 species mixed artificial grassland was increased by 13.99%and 15.03%,respectively,compared with individual sowing conditions,in which the elevation of biomass of gramineous forages was significantly higher than that of leguminous forages.The aboveground biomass of M.ruthenica was negatively correlated with maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)(P<0.05),and positively correlated with photochemical quenching coefficients(qP)(P<0.05).In summary,mixed sowing of leguminous and gramineous forages and grass is beneficial for the effective use of light energy and maintain higher forage yield,which will provide a theoretical basis for the construction and sustainable utilization of artificial grassland in semi-arid area.
作者
李惠珍
王天琦
黄楠
闫文彬
罗雅琴
黄子轩
刘志英
LI Hui-zhen;WANG Tian-qi;HUANG Nan;YAN Wen-bin;LUO Ya-qin;HUANG Zi-xuan;LIU Zhi-ying(Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau,Ministry of Education/School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010030,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期1-8,共8页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(31860681)
国家自然科学基金(32001143)项目资助。
关键词
植物多样性
豆禾混播
荧光特性
生物量
人工草地
Plant diversity
Leguminous and gramineous forage mixture
Fluorescence characteristics
Biomass
Artificial grassland
