摘要
以南水北调中线工程通水6年来沿线30个常规水质监测断面逐月的水质监测数据为基础,基于斯皮尔曼秩次相关检验,系统分析总干渠水质时空变化趋势.结果表明,总干渠水质总体良好,主要指标能够达到Ⅱ类及以上水平.空间尺度上,总干渠水温(r=-0.897,p<0.01)、总磷(r=-0.820,p<0.01)、生化需氧量(r=-0.830,p<0.01)呈下降趋势,其中水温在河北、北京、天津下降更为显著,生化需氧量则在河南下降更为显著;溶解氧(r=0.947,p<0.01)、高锰酸盐指数(r=0.608,p<0.01)、氨氮(r=0.669,p<0.01)等指标呈上升趋势,其中高锰酸盐指数在河南段上升更为显著.时间尺度上,水温、溶解氧、pH等指标都有比较明显的季节性波动;溶解氧(rtc=0.542,p<0.01;rtjw=0.428,p<0.01)、总氮(rtc=0.393,p<0.05)在部分断面出现上升趋势;高锰酸盐指数(rhz=-0.493,p<0.01;rhnz=-0.582,p<0.01;rtjw=-0.336,p<0.05)、氨氮(rhz=-0.777,p<0.01;rhnz=-0.712,p<0.01;rtjw=-0.329,p<0.05)和生化需氧量(rtc=-0.396,p<0.05)在部分断面出现下降趋势.南北温度梯度和季节差异对pH和溶解氧变化具有主要驱动作用,并显著影响了其他水质指标的变化.另外,总干渠沿线的干湿沉降、桥面径流等潜在污染源输入,以及渠道生态系统的演变等因素都可能对水质的变化产生影响.
Based on the monthly water quality monitoring data of 30 water quality monitoring sections along the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project in the past 6 years,the spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the spatial and temporal change trend of the water quality.The results showed that,the water quality of the main channel was generally good,and the main indexes could reach the level of classⅡor above.Spatially,water temperature(r=-0.897,p<0.01),TP(r=-0.820,p<0.01)and BOD5(r=-0.830,p<0.01)were on the decline.The water temperature decreased significantly in Hebei,Beijing and Tianjin,while BOD5 decreased significantly in Henan.DO(r=0.947,p<0.01),CODMn(r=0.608,p<0.01),NH3-N(r=0.669,p<0.01)were on the rise,and CODMn increased significantly in Henan.Temporally,water temperature,DO and pH showed obvious seasonal fluctuations;DO(rtc=0.542,p<0.01;rtjw=0.428;p<0.01),TN(rtc=0.393,p<0.05)showed upward trend in some sections.CODMn(rhz=-0.493,p<0.01;r_(hnz)=-0.582,p<0.01;rtjw=-0.336,p<0.05),NH3-N(rhz=-0.777,p<0.01;r_(hnz)=-0.712,p<0.01;r_(tjw)=-0.329,p<0.05)and BOD5(r_(tc)=-0.396,p<0.05)showed downward trend in some sections.The changes of pH and DO were mainly driven by the temperature gradient and seasonal difference between north and south,and significantly affected the changes of other water quality indexes.In addition,the dry and wet settlement along the main channel,the bridge runoff and other potential pollution sources input,as well as the channel ecosystem evolution and other factors may affect the change of water quality.
作者
王超
辛小康
王树磊
贾海燕
雷俊山
尹炜
WANG Chao;XIN Xiaokang;WANG Shulei;JIA Haiyan;LEI Junshan;YIN Wei(Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051;Key Laboratory of Ecological Regulation of Non-point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430051;Construction and Administration Bureau of South-to-North water diversion middle Route Project,Beijing 100038)
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期184-194,共11页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(No.2017ZX07108-001)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.U2040210)。
关键词
南水北调
中线总干渠
水质
变化趋势
秩次相关
South-to-North Diversion Project
main channel of the middle route
water quality
changing trend
rank correlation
