摘要
选取8名马拉松官方配速员为访谈对象,采用口述史方法收集资料,分析配速员在马拉松赛中的运动体验。研究发现:(1)配速员的参与动机具有多样性:有好奇心及对自身能力的自信,帮助他人、丰富跑马经历,促进身心发展、找回跑马初心、找到推广跑步的新方式,通过角色身份实现自我价值等。(2)配速员的运动体验具有阶段性:赛前训练以适应配速生理体感疲劳,情绪体验枯燥无聊。赛中心理体验最为丰富,从比赛开始在起跑点的兴奋、紧张,到赛程中期的平淡、赛程后期的焦躁情绪、赛后的喜悦与成就感,疲劳感贯穿始终,内隐体验责任感逐步增强;配速员的认知体验也较为丰富,在起点的体验多为新鲜感与责任感,前中期配合与互动更加多样,赛后配速员完赛的成就感、满足感更强。赛中配速员角色互动是配速员价值体现的集中阶段。配速员帮助他人完赛的利他行为带来的成就感及赛道氛围的美好体验是其持续配速的动力。
8 official marathon racers were selected as the interviewees,and the data were collected by oral history method to analyze the racers'sports experience in marathon.The results showed that:(1)The participation motives of racers were diverse:curiosity and confidence in their own ability,helping others,enriching racing experience,promoting physical and mental development,finding the original motivation of racing,finding a new way to promote running,and realizing self-value through role identity.(2)The sports experience of speed racers is staged:pre-race training is used to adapt to the physiological and physical fatigue of speed racers,and the emotional experience is boring.During the race,the psychological experience is the most abundant,from the excitement and tension at the starting point,the dull mood in the middle of the race,the anxious mood in the late stage,the joy and sense of achievement after the race,the sense of fatigue throughout the race,and the sense of implicit experience and responsibility gradually increased.The cognitive experience of speed racers is also rich.The experience at the beginning is fresh and responsible,and the cooperation and interaction in the early and middle stages are more diverse.The sense of achievement and satisfaction of speed racers after finishing the race are stronger.In the race,the role interaction of the speedster is the concentrated stage in which the value of the speedster is reflected.It is the sense of achievement brought by the racetrack drivers'altruistic actions to help others finish the race and the wonderful experience of the racetrack atmosphere that drives them to keep pace.
作者
赵进
熊野
ZHAO Jin;XIONG Ye(School of Physical Education,Jangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,Jangsu China)
出处
《山东体育学院学报》
北大核心
2021年第6期60-69,共10页
Journal of Shandong Sport University
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20BTY005)。
