摘要
目的了解新时期在校大学生健康素养现状及其影响因素,为完善高校健康教育工作,制定针对性的健康素养干预策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,选取河南某综合性大学2231名在校大学生作为调查对象,并进行健康素养问卷调查。采用卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归分析健康素养水平影响因素。结果共有815名调查对象具备健康素养,调查对象健康素养水平为36.53%。不同性别、民族、年级、居住地、专业及父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、家庭人口数和家庭人均月收入不同的调查对象健康素养水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查对象3个维度的健康素养水平由高到低依次为基本健康技能素养水平(44.15%)、基本健康知识和理念素养水平(38.19%)、健康生活方式与行为素养水平(36.93%)。不同性别、专业、居住地、父亲文化程度和家庭人口数的调查对象在3个维度的健康素养水平方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:性别、民族、专业、居住地、父亲文化程度和家庭人口数是调查对象健康素养水平的影响因素(P<0.05),其中女生、汉族、医学类专业、父亲文化水平在高中/中专及以上的调查对象健康素养水平较高,而居住地为农村和家庭人口数较多的调查对象健康素养水平较低。结论在校大学生健康素养水平尚有较大提升空间,应利用校园资源有针对性地开展健康教育,提升学生健康素养水平。
Objective To understand the current situation of health literacy and its influencing factors among college students in the new era,so as to provide a basis for improving health education in colleges and universities and formulating targeted health literacy intervention strategies and measures.Methods Using a multi-stage stratified whole-group random sampling method,2231 college students in a comprehensive university in Henan Province were selected as survey subjects and health literacy questionnaires were conducted.The chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze their influencing factors.Results A total of 815 survey subjects had health literacy,and the health literacy rate of the survey subjects was 36.53%.There were statisti-cally significant differences in health literacy levels among survey respondents with different gender,ethnicity,grade,place of residence,profession,father’s and mother’s education level,family size and per capita monthly household income(P<0.05).The health literacy levels of the survey respondents in the 3 dimensions from highest to lowest were basic health skills(44.15%),basic health knowledge and concept(38.19%),and healthy lifestyle and behavior(36.93%).The differences in health literacy levels in the 3 dimensions were statistically significant(P<0.05)among respondents with different gender,profession,place of residence,fathers’educa-tion level,and family size.The results of multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that gender,ethnicity,profession,place of residence,father’s education level and family size were the influencing factors on the health literacy level of survey respondents(P<0.05),in which the health literacy level of survey respondents who were female,Han Chinese,medical majors and with father’s education level of high school/junior high school and above was higher,while the health literacy level of survey respondents who lived in rural areas and had a large number of family members was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion There is still much room for improving the health literacy level of college students,and health education should be carried out in a targeted manner using campus resources to improve the health literacy level of students.
作者
姜峰
张佳彤
乔金鸽
臧卫东
Jiang Feng;Zhang Jiatong;Qiao Jinge;Zang Weidong(Zhengzhou University Hospital,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2021年第6期1-7,共7页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81471144)。
