摘要
新发展阶段下推动城市高质量安全发展是国家城镇化战略的重要战略方向。城市综合灾害防御能力的提升是新发展理念背景下推动城市构建新发展格局的重要保障。首先分析了综合灾害防御能力的时代需求,尤其是2012年以来我国逐步形成的灾害防治总体需求。其次基于综合灾害防御能力的学术内涵,进一步从灾害风险防范的结构体系和功能体系分析了其在新时代的政策和实践内涵。然后全面分析了我国城镇化高速发展背景下对重大灾害防御能力建设的内在需求及其在物理防御能力、社会防御能力和人文防御能力建设上面临的诸多挑战。最后从共建城市安全共同体的高度,从防御能力层级、城市安全管理制度和绩效考核、城市决策者应急管理理念和安全管理建设、基层社区灾害风险管理层面提出了对策建议。
Promoting high-quality and safe urban development in the new development stage is an important strategic direction of the national urbanization strategy.The improvement of comprehensive urban disaster defense capability is an important guarantee to promote cities to build a new development pattern under the background of new development concept.This paper first analyzes the needs of the times for integrated disaster defense capability,especially the overall need for disaster prevention and control that has gradually developed in China since 2012.Secondly,based on the academic connotation of comprehensive disaster defense capability,this paper further analyzes its policy and practical connotation in the new era from the structural system and functional system of disaster risk prevention.Then this paper comprehensively analyzes the intrinsic demand for major disaster defense capacity construction in the context of rapid urbanization in China and the many challenges it faces in the construction of physical,social and humanistic defense capacity.Finally,the paper proposes countermeasures from the perspective of building an urban safety community together at the level of defense capacity hierarchy,urban safety management system and performance assessment,urban decision makers emergency management concept and safety management construction,and grassroots community disaster risk management.
作者
孔锋
韩淑云
王一飞
KONG Feng;HAN Shuyun;WANG Yifei(College of Humanities and Development Studies,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Center for Crisis Management Research,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Disaster Reduction Association,Beijing 100089,China;Training Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期30-34,共5页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家重点研发计划政府间/港澳台重点专项项目(2018YFE0109600)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1510202,2018YFC1509003)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021TC062)
国家自然科学基金项目(41701103,41775078,41801064)
中国气象局软科学重点项目(2022ZDIANXM20)。
关键词
城市
灾害风险
综合灾害防御能力
安全与发展
灾害保险
应急管理
urban
disaster risk
integrated disaster defense capability
safety and development
disaster insurance
emergency management
