摘要
【目的】构建果桑果实品质综合评价体系,为筛选优良果桑资源提供依据。【方法】以35份果桑成熟果为试验材料,分析测定果实16项品质指标,采用主成分分析法、相关性分析及变异系数筛选出核心评价指标,基于13项品质指标利用因子分析法以及基于核心评价指标,利用层次分析法和灰色关联分析法构建果桑果实品质综合评价体系。【结果】不同资源材料的果实品质存在差异,其中A5单果质量,A4、B1和一串红和长果1号果实中可溶性固形物含量,B1总糖含量以及A3和A4果实中花色苷含量、总酚含量和总黄酮含量远高于其他材料;品质指标间普遍存在相关性;通过主成分分析、相关性分析和变异系数筛选出单果质量、色差L*、SSC、总酸含量、维生素C含量、花色苷含量为果桑果品核心评价指标;通过因子分析法和灰色关联分析法皆筛选出A3、A4、A5和B1为品质优良果桑资源。【结论】分别基于因子分析法和灰色关联分析法构建了果桑品质综合评价体系,为优良果桑资源筛选提供参考依据。
【Objective】The evaluation of fruit quality traits is the most important part of phenotypic identification of mulberry germplasm resources, and it is also an important basis for screening excellent germplasm materials. How to scientifically evaluate the fruit quality of mulberry is still one of the problems that need to be solved in the research of efficient utilization of mulberry germplasm resources. The aim of this study was to establish reasonable comprehensive evaluation methods for screening genotypes with excellent fruit quality.【Methods】A total of 16 quality indicators including the fruit weight,vertical and horizontal lengths, fruit shape index, color values(L*,a*,b*,c*),soluble solids, titratable acid, solid-acid ratio, vitamin C(Vc), and the contents of anthocyanins, total flavonoids, total phenols and total sugars were obtained from 35 mulberry accessions. One-way analysis of variance and Parson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the significance and correlations among the measurement results. Principal component analysis, correlation analysis and coefficient of variation(CV) were applied to screen out the core evaluation indicators. The analytic hierarchy process was applied to assign weights of core indicators. Thirteen quality indicators were chosen to evaluate the fruit quality of the 35 fruit mulberry accessions by the factor analysis, and the core evaluation indexes were chosen to comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality via grey relational analysis.【Results】There were significant differences in fruit quality among accessions. The single fruit weight of A5 was the highest, which was 3.63 g.The content of soluble solids in fruits of A4, B1, Yichuanhong, and Changguo No. 1 were the highest,ranging from 15.6% to 17.7%. The content of total sugar in fruit of B1 was 24.64 mg·g^(-1), which was significantly higher than the other accessions. The contents of anthocyanins, total phenols and total flavonoids in fruits of A3 and A4, were much higher than the other accessions. The result of correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significant correlations among flavor indexes, functional indexes, morphological indexes, and color indexes, and these highly relevant indicators could be selected to simplify the evaluation index system. By principal component analysis, the 16 evaluation indicators were reduced into 5 factors, which represented the functional components, flavor, fruit size, Vc and color of the fruit. Based on the coefficient of variation, principal component analysis and correlation analysis results, 6 core evaluation indicators were chosen from the 5 factors, which respectively were single fruit weight, color L;, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins. By the analytic hierarchy process,the weights of single fruit weight, color L;, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins were finally determined to be 0.02, 0.08, 0.38, 0.19, 0.28 and 0.06, respectively. It was obviously unreasonable to directly use all the indicators for comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, the fruit shape index that had little correlation with the commercial nature and the color index b;and c;with little correlation with the color of the mulberry fruit were eliminated, and the remaining 13 were selected as the index system for comprehensive evaluation via factor analysis. Based on the factor analysis, A1, A3, A4, A5, and B1 got the highest scores, which meant that the fruit quality of A1, A3, A4, A5, and B1 were the best in the 35 mulberry materials. Six core evaluation indicators were used for the indicator system, and the weights determined by the analytic hierarchy process were applied in grey relational analysis, results of which showed that the A3, A4, A5, B1 and Yunguo No. 2 were highly correlated with the reference value, indicating that the fruit quality of A3, A4, A5, B1 and Yunguo No. 2 were the best in the 35 mulberry materials. The above results indicated that both evaluation methods could screen out germplasm materials with excellent fruit quality, and A3, A4, A5 and B1 had the highest comprehensive fruit quality.【Conclusion】The comprehensive analysis of the fruit quality of 35 mulberry materials showed that accessions A3, A4, A5 and B1 are high-quality mulberry resources, which can be used for breeding cultivars with higher sweetness and higher contents of functional components or larger fruit size. Single fruit weight, color L;, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins can be used as the core indicators for fruit mulberry quality evaluation. The comprehensive evaluation methods based on factor analysis and grey correlation analysis can be used to screen good mulberry materials.
作者
李勋兰
魏召新
彭芳芳
罗友进
韩国辉
LI Xunlan;WEI Zhaoxin;PENG Fangfang;LUO Youjin;HAN Guohui(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期332-342,共11页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(cstc2018jxjl0118,cstc2019jxjl80012)
重庆市农业科学院青年创新团队项目(NKY-2019QC08)
重庆市农发资金-良种创新重大项目(NKY-2016AA002)
重庆市特色水果产业技术体系(2020(3)03)。
关键词
果桑
果实品质
核心指标
综合评价
Mulberry(Morus L.)
Fruit quality
Core index
Comprehensive evaluation
