摘要
近年来,复合绝缘子酥朽断裂问题引起了学术界及工业界的高度重视,但断裂原因一直莫衷一是。研究表明了复合绝缘子酥朽断裂的原因可能包括湿气侵蚀、电蚀、酸性介质腐蚀等因素。针对湿气侵蚀因素,文中研究了复合绝缘子芯棒在湿热条件下的劣化过程。首先观察了芯棒湿热作用后芯棒的宏观形貌,发现芯棒呈现发黄发白的颜色,质地变得疏松,形如腐朽的木头。随后对芯棒在高湿环境下的发热情况进行了观测,发现劣化后芯棒的温升明显高于未劣化芯棒的温升。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析(TGA)等实验分析了芯棒在湿热作用后的理化特性,发现芯棒的环氧树脂基体发生了酯基的水解反应和环氧大分子的分解反应,而玻璃纤维没有明显劣化现象但有排列错乱的情况。湿热作用后芯棒的理化特性和温升情况表明芯棒在运行条件下可能形成发热和劣化的正反馈循环。最后,将湿热劣化后的芯棒与现场酥朽断裂芯棒的宏观形貌和理化特性进行对比,揭示了湿热作用是导致复合绝缘子酥朽断裂的重要原因之一。
In recent years,the decay-like fracture problem of composite insulator has attracted much attention from academia and industry,but the cause of the fracture is always been inconsistent. The study shows that the cause for the decay-like fracture of composite insulator may include such factors as moisture erosion,electrical corrosion and acid medium corrosion. In view of the factor of moisture erosion,the deterioration process of core rod of composite insulator under hydrothermal condition is studied in this paper. Firstly,the macro-morphology of the core rod after hydrothermal deterioration is observed,finding that the appearance of the core rod became yellowish and whitish.Its texture becomes loose like rotten wood. Then,the heating situation of the core rod under high humid environment is observed,finding that the temperature rise of the core rod after deterioration is obviously higher than that of the core rod without deterioration. The physical and chemical properties of the core rod after hydrothermal action are analyzed by such experiment analysis as scanning electronic microscope(SEM),Fourier Transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA)etc,finding that the hydrolysis reaction of ester link-age in the epoxy matrix of the core rod and of epoxy macromolecule has taken place,while the glass fiber does not have obvious deterioration but a certain degree of disarrangement. The physicochemical properties and temperature rise of the core rod after hydrothermal deterioration indicate that a positive feedback cycle of heating and deterioration would be formed at the core rod under operating conditions. Finally,the macro morphology,physical and chemical properties of the core rod after the hydrothermal deterioration are compared with that of the decay-like core rod.It is concluded that the hydrothermal action is one of the important causes for the decay-like fracture of the composite insulator.
作者
王成
袁之康
丁立健
屠幼萍
姜涵
赵永飞
WANG Cheng;YUAN Zhikang;DING Lijian;TU Youping;JIANG Han;ZHAO Yongfei(Maintenance Company of Hunan Electrical Power Corporation,Changsha 410004,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage&Electromagnetic Compatibility,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Electrical and Automation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)
出处
《高压电器》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期25-32,共8页
High Voltage Apparatus
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51477072)。
关键词
复合绝缘子
湿热作用
芯棒
理化特性
酥朽断裂
composite insulator
hydrothermal action
core rod
physical and chemical characteristics
decay-like fracture
