摘要
细胞内胆固醇水平动态平衡是细胞发挥生理功能的重要保障。破坏细胞内胆固醇水平动态平衡不仅增加心血管系统疾病患病风险,而且与许多代谢性疾病相关。细胞内胆固醇水平主要受胆固醇生物合成、摄取、流出和酯化的调节。3-羟基-3-甲基-戊二酰基辅酶A还原酶、角鲨烯单加氧酶和固醇调节元件结合蛋白2是胆固醇合成关键因子。尼曼-匹克C1型类似蛋白1、低密度脂蛋白受体和B族清道夫受体1是细胞摄取胆固醇的重要受体。三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1、G1、G5/8和载脂蛋白A-I结合蛋白介导细胞内胆固醇流出。酰基辅酶A∶胆固醇酰基转移酶(ACAT)能酯化细胞内游离胆固醇。本文主要综述以上对细胞内胆固醇水平平衡有重要调节作用的关键因子研究新进展,以期为细胞内胆固醇水平调节提供新的靶点和研究方向。
The balance of intracellular cholesterol level is important for the physiological function of cells.Disrupted the dynamic balance of intracellular cholesterol level not only significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, but also is associated with many metabolic diseases. Intracellular cholesterol level is mainly regulated by cholesterol biosynthesis, uptake, efflux and esterification. 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR), squalene monooxygenase(SQLE) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 2(SREBP2) are key factors in cholesterol synthesis. Niemann-Pick type C1-like 1(NPC1L1), low density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR) and scavenger receptor class B1(SR-B1) are important receptors for cholesterol uptake. ATP binding cassette transporter(ABC) ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG5/8 and apolipoprotein A-1 binding protein(AIBP) mediate intracellular cholesterol efflux. Acyl coenzyme A∶cholesterol acyltransferase(ACAT) can esterify intracellular free cholesterol. This article mainly reviews the latest research progress of the key factors that play an important role in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol level, in order to provide new targets and research directions for the regulation of intracellular cholesterol level.
作者
张强
许璨
唐朝克
ZHANG Qiang;XU Can;TANG Chao-Ke(Institute of Cardiovascular Disease,Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease,Medical Instrument and Equipment Technology Laboratory of Hengyang Medical College,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study,Hengyang Medical College,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Department of Cardiology,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)
出处
《生物化学与生物物理进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期292-302,共11页
Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金(81770461)资助项目。
关键词
胆固醇稳态
胆固醇生物合成
胆固醇摄取
胆固醇流出
胆固醇酯化
cholesterol homeostasis
cholesterol biosynthesis
cholesterol intake
cholesterol efflux
cholesterol esterification
