摘要
针对我国在开展保护地系统规划过程中,缺乏基于生态系统服务协同权衡关系量化研究的保护地区域经济建设与生态保护协同发展路线图绘制方法,无法科学合理地规划其区域协同发展措施的时序安排等问题。本研究选取具有代表性的生态系统服务,识别其协同权衡度量化经济建设与生态保护的协同权衡关系及致因,据此提出近期、中期、远期各阶段发展目标,进一步围绕发展目标分阶段从规模结构、工程技术、政策制度等方面提出协同发展措施,设计协同发展路线图。三江源地区案例研究结果表明,其经济与生态间仍处于权衡状态,主要原因是人类对自然资源的索取速率超过了资源的更新速率,将近期(十四五时期)、中期(2026-2030年)、远期(2031-2035年)的发展目标分别设定为总体布局规划、解决实践问题、帮扶落后地区,提出包括社会经济发展结构规模优化调整、国家公园范围与分区动态优化、提高草地动物承载力、降低草地系统利用强度、综合生态补偿机制、可持续替代生计、完善基础设施建设和提升公共服务水平等的协同发展措施,并绘制协同发展路线图,为三江源国家公园规划提供了科学依据。
Background There is an urgent need for a measure system to guide the coordinated development of economic construction and ecological protection in the protected area,but most of the relevant planning schemes lack the research on the trade-off relationship between economy and ecology,and the application of roadmap design.Methods Representative ecosystem services were selected to quantify the situation of economic construction and ecological protection,relationship between economy and ecology was identified through collaborative trade-off analysis,development objectives of each stage were pointed out,collaborative development measures were put forward from the aspects of scale structure,engineering technology,policies and regulations,and then a collaborative development roadmap was designed.Results&Conclusion The case study results of Sanjiangyuan area showed that its economy and ecology were still in a trade-off state because the rate of human demand for natural resources exceeds the rate of resource renewal.Therefore,the development objectives in the early phase(14th Five Year Plan period),the mid-term(2026-2030)and the long-term(2031-2035)were overall layout planning,solving practical problems and helping the backward,the coordinated development measures were put forward,including optimizing and adjusting the scale of social and economic development structure,optimizing the scope and zoning of national parks,improving the carrying capacity and reducing the utilization intensity of grassland,comprehensive ecological compensation mechanism,sustainable alternative livelihood,improving infrastructure construction and the level of public services,and the roadmap was drawn.Thus,support for the planning of Sanjiangyuan National Park was provided.
作者
胡官正
曾维华
马冰然
Guanzheng Hu;Weihua Zeng;Bingran Ma(School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期165-175,共11页
Biodiversity Science
基金
中科院-青海省政府联合专项(LHZX-2020-01-04)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0506403)。
关键词
路线图
保护地
生态系统服务
经济建设
生态保护
roadmap
protected area
ecosystem service
economic construction
ecological protection
