摘要
将机会不平等的来源区分为不可控因素和可控因素,分为家庭背景、天赋运气和个人努力三个因子。研究发现,人们更能够接受由个人努力所带来的不平等,且这种不平等对幸福感的影响较大。如果一个人的成就主要取决于自身的选择和努力程度,而不是家庭背景、天赋运气等不可控因素,那么居民幸福感就比较高。另外,与农村相比,在城市样本中与家庭背景相关的不平等对幸福感的影响不显著,一个可能的原因是在城市人们更加认可个人努力的重要性,机会平等的正向隧道效应大大淡化了不平等的家庭背景的负面影响,人们更可能通过个人努力实现阶层流动,提高幸福感。
The sources of opportunity inequality are divided into uncontrollable factors and controllable factors,which are divided into three factors:family background,talent,luck and personal effort.The study found that people are more likely to accept the inequality caused by personal efforts,and this inequality has a greater impact on happiness.If a person’s achievement mainly depends on his own choice and effort,rather than uncontrollable factors such as family background,talent and luck,then the residents’happiness is relatively high.In addition,compared with rural areas,the impact of inequality related to family background on well-being is not significant in urban samples.One possible reason is that in cities,people recognize the importance of personal efforts more.The positive tunneling effect of equal opportunities greatly weakens the negative impact of unequal family background,and people are more likely to realize class mobility through personal efforts,Improve happiness.
作者
崔巍
贺琰
CUI Wei;HE Yan(School of economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《贵州财经大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期79-88,共10页
Journal of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“居民幸福感、信任与家庭金融资产选择问题研究”(18YJA790017)。
关键词
机会不平等
收入差距
居民幸福感
inequality of opportunity
Income gap
Residents’happiness
