摘要
本试验旨在探究不同比例葡萄籽饲粮对多浪羊瘤胃内环境和菌群结构的影响。采用单因素设计,将15只安装有永久瘤胃瘘管的多浪羊成年羯羊随机分成5组,每组3只羊,分别饲喂葡萄籽添加比例为0(D1组)、4%(D2组)、8%(D3组)、12%(D4组)和16%(D5组)的全混合日粮,预试期与正试期各15 d。结果表明:试验羊采食后瘤胃液pH呈现先降低后升高的波动变化,但各时间点各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);各时间点各组间瘤胃液氨态氮(NH;-N)浓度差异不显著(P>0.05);瘤胃液微生物蛋白(MCP)浓度与葡萄籽添加比例呈正相关,且D5组显著高于D1组(P<0.05);试验羊采食后瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度和乙酸/丙酸先升高后降低;乙酸/丙酸平均值随葡萄籽添加比例的增加先升高后降低,在添加比例为8%时达到最大值,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。5个组共计得到6947个操作分类单元(OTU),其中共有OTU为6625个,占总OTU的95.36%;在门水平上优势菌门均为拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门,D5组拟杆菌门相对丰度最高,为56.98%,D3组厚壁菌门相对丰度最高,为43.09%,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在属水平上优势菌属为普雷沃氏菌属1、未分类柔毛杆菌科和解琥珀酸菌属,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上可知,饲粮中添加葡萄籽提高了多浪羊瘤胃液pH和MCP浓度,对NH;-N浓度无显著影响;随着葡萄籽添加比例的增加,多浪羊瘤胃液TVFA浓度减少,乙酸/丙酸下降,发酵类型向丙酸型发酵转变;饲粮中添加葡萄籽未改变多浪羊瘤胃细菌在门和属水平上的相对丰度。经综合评定,多浪羊饲粮中以添加12%的葡萄籽为宜。
This experiment as conducted to explore the effects of different proportions of grape seed diets on rumen environment and bacterial flora structure of Duolang sheep.Fifteen Duolang wether sheep with permanent rumen fistula were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 sheep in each group,and fed with total mixed rations with grape seed proportions of 0(D1 group),4%(D2 group),8%(D3 group),12%(D4 group)and 16%(D5 group),respectively.The pre-feeding period and experimental period were 15 days,respectively.The results showed that the rumen fluid pH of experimental sheep decreased firstly and then increased after feeding,and there was no significant difference among groups at each time point(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)concentration in rumen fluid among groups at each time point(P>0.05).The concentration of microprotein(MCP)in rumen fluid was positively correlated with the grape seed addition proportion,and the concentration of MCP in the D5 group was significantly higher than that in the D1 group(P<0.05).Total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen fluid increased firstly and then decreased after feeding.The acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen fluid increased firstly and then decreased with the grape seed addition proportion increasing,and the maximum was found when grape seed addition proportion was 8%,but there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).A total of 6947 operational taxonomic unit(OTU)were obtained from the five groups,of which 6625 were shared,accounting for 95.36%of the total OTU.At the phylum level,the dominant bacteria were Bacteroides and Firmicutes,and there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The highest relative abundance of Bacteroides in D5 group,that was 56.98%,and that of Firmicutes in D3 group was 43.09%.At the genus level,the dominant bacteria were Prevotella_1,norank_f_Muribaculaceae and Succiniclasticum,and there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).To sum up,the addition of grape seed in diet can increase the pH and MCP concentration in rumen fluid,but has no significant effect on NH_(3)-N concentration.With the increase of grape seed addition proportion,the TVFA concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen fluid decrease,and the fermentation type changes to propionic acid type fermentation.The relative abundance of rumen bacteria at phylum and genus levels do not change.By comprehensive assessing,adding 12%grape seed in the diet of Duolang sheep is appropriate.
作者
彭婉婉
王彦
许贵善
马忠杰
冯昕炜
高帆
袁国宏
PENG Wanwan;WANG Yan;XU Guishan;MA Zhongjie;FENG Xinwei;GAO Fan;YUAN Guohong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar 843300,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期1754-1767,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760679)
环塔里木优质绵羊种质资源高效利用向南创新团队(2019CB010)。
关键词
葡萄籽
单宁
多浪羊
瘤胃内环境
瘤胃细菌
grape seed
tannin
Duolang sheep
rumen environment
rumen bacteria
