摘要
2型糖尿病是一种以高血糖和胰岛素抵抗为特征的代谢性疾病,它的发生、发展与肠道菌群密切相关。本实验旨在研究黑灵芝多糖对2型糖尿病大鼠的保护作用,探讨其对肠道菌群结构和代谢产物的影响。方法:选取Wistar大鼠,给予高糖高脂饲料喂养8周,采用链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)尾静脉注射法建立大鼠糖尿病模型。造模成功后的大鼠分别给予双蒸水、二甲双胍以及高(100 mg/kg m_(b))、中(50 mg/kg m_(b))、低(25 mg/kg m_(b))剂量黑灵芝多糖,连续灌胃4周后检测生化指标,分析空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、胰岛素(insulin,INS)水平;观察肠道的病理学改变;采集粪便进行16S rDNA高通量测序,分析黑灵芝多糖对糖尿病大鼠肠道菌群的影响;检测粪便中短链脂肪酸(short chain fatty acids,SCFAs)含量。结果:黑灵芝多糖对糖尿病大鼠肠道的组织结构具有一定的保护作用,可以通过调控血糖水平、降低血脂水平和减轻胰岛素抵抗从而起到抗糖尿病作用。此外,黑灵芝多糖能够在一定程度上调节糖尿病大鼠肠道微生物的物种构成,显著增加Cyanobacteria的相对丰度,上调有益菌如Lactobacillus、Roseburia、Bifidobacterium的相对丰度,产酸菌Oscillospira、Ruminococcus、Coprococcus的相对丰度,增加SCFAs中丁酸的分泌;下调Prevotella和CF231的相对丰度,减少丙酸含量。结论:黑灵芝多糖对STZ诱导的糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂和胰岛素具有一定调控作用,其机制可能是通过改变大鼠肠道中微生物的结构组成,进而调节SCFAs的分泌,SCFAs通过被肠道细胞利用和进入血液循环对各个组织起到保护作用。
Objective:Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia.The gut microbiota play a vital role in its occurrence and development.Therefore,the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide in type 2 diabetic rats,and its influence on gut microbiota structure and metabolites.Methods:Wistar rats were fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet for 8 weeks,then injected with streptozotocin(STZ)to establish a diabetic animal model.Subsequently,the diabetic rats were separately administered with double-distilled water,metformin,and Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide at three different doses,100,50 and 25 mg/kg mb.After 4 weeks of administration,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and insulin(INS)were determined,and intestinal pathological changes were examined.Meanwhile,in order to observe the effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide on the gut microbiota in diabetic rats,feces were collected for 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Moreover,fecal short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Results:Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide protected the intestinal tissue of diabetic rats,and exerted an anti-diabetic effect by regulating blood glucose,lowering blood lipids and ameliorating insulin resistance.Furthermore,it regulated the species composition of the intestinal microbiota in diabetic rats by significantly increasing the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria,up-regulating the abundance of beneficial Lactobacillus,Roseburia,Bifidobacterium,Oscillospira,Ruminococcus and Coprococcus,consequently enhancing the secretion of short-chain fatty acid butyric acid,and down-regulating the relative abundance of Prevotella and CF231,thereby reducing propionic acid content.Conclusion:Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide can regulate blood glucose,blood lipids and insulin resistance in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Its action mechanism may be related to regulation of the gut microbiota structure and consequently the secretion of SCFAs,which can be absorbed by intestinal cells or enter the blood circulation to protect tissues.
作者
吴睿婷
付王威
万敏
吴伟
姚于飞
李文娟
WU Ruiting;FU Wangwei;WAN Min;WU Wei;YAO Yufei;LI Wenjuan(State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China;The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期91-102,共12页
Food Science
基金
国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(81860713)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31872900)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20202BABL206150)。
关键词
黑灵芝多糖
糖尿病
血糖
胰岛素抵抗
肠道菌群
短链脂肪酸
Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide
diabetes
blood sugar
insulin resistance
gut microbiota
short chain fatty acids
