摘要
出于冬夏通用及燃油经济性等方面的要求,多级车辆齿轮油的应用日益受到重视,需求量正逐年增加。多级车辆齿轮油中通常含有较多的黏度指数改进剂以提高齿轮油的黏温特性,兼顾齿轮油的高温黏度和低温黏度。但黏度指数改进剂在使用过程中会受到车辆齿轮的剪切应力而断裂,造成齿轮油黏度损失,使车辆齿轮油的润滑性能下降,导致车辆齿轮出现异常磨损。因此多级车辆齿轮油的剪切安定性(黏度保持性能)是保证车辆齿轮润滑良好的关键参数,需要特别关注。黏度指数改进剂是调配多级车辆齿轮油不可或缺的功能添加剂,其抗剪切性能的优劣将直接影响到多级车辆齿轮油的剪切安定性,选择恰当的黏度指数改进剂是调配剪切安定性良好的多级车辆齿轮油的前提和关键。评价齿轮油和/或黏度指数改进剂剪切安定性的模拟台架试验有很多,通过对比发现,20 h圆锥滚子轴承剪切试验与160 Mm轻型卡车行车试验的结果基本吻合,也与128 Mm重型卡车行车试验结果有良好的相关性,可用于快速评定车辆齿轮油和/或黏度指数改进剂的剪切安定性,指导多级车辆齿轮油的配方研究和/或黏度指数改进剂的筛选。
Due to the requirements of winter and summer versatility and fuel economy,the application of multigrade vehicle gear lubricants was paid more and more attention,and the demand was increasing year by year.Multigrade vehicle gear lubricants usually contained more viscosity index improvers to improve the viscosity temperature characteristics of gear lubricants,which taking into account the high-temperature viscosity and lowtemperature viscosity of gear lubricants.However,the viscosity index improver would be broken by the shear stress of the vehicle gear during use,resulting in the loss of viscosity of the gear lubricants,the decline of the lubricity of the vehicle gear lubricants,and the abnormal wear of the vehicle gear.Therefore,the shear stability(viscosity retention)of multigrade vehicle gear lubricants was the key parameter to ensure good vehicle gear lubrication,which needed special attention.Viscosity index improver was an indispensable functional additive for preparing multigrade vehicle gear lubricants.Its shear resistance would directly affect the shear stability of multigrade vehicle gear lubricants.The selection of appropriate viscosity index improver was the premise and key to prepare multigrade vehicle gear lubricants with good shear stability.There were many simulation rig tests to evaluate the shear stability of gear lubricants and/or viscosity index improvers.Through comparison,it was found that the 20 h tapered roller bearing shear test was basically consistent with the field experience results of 160 Mm light truck,and had a good correlation with the field experience results of 128 Mm heavy truck.It cold be used to quickly evaluate the shear stability of vehicle gear lubricants and/or viscosity index improvers,and guide the formulation research of multigrade vehicle gear lubricants and/or the screening of viscosity index improvers.
作者
石啸
Shi Xiao(Beijing Research Institute of Sinopec Lubricant Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China)
出处
《合成润滑材料》
CAS
2022年第1期23-26,共4页
Synthetic Lubricants
