摘要
结合国内外罐区事故案例,分析了当前储罐区火灾爆炸事故处置难度高的5个主要类型,包括储罐溢油、沸溢、群罐火灾等。从储罐结构、事故发展过程及灭火过程等方面分析了影响储罐火灾处置效率的3个主要原因,包括罐内灭火盲区、复燃及泡沫炮喷射损耗量大等。针对当前大型储罐火灾处置需求,从开发环保型泡沫灭火剂、改变泡沫灭火机理、采用压缩气体泡沫灭火技术、新型液下灭火技术等5个方面提出了研究新方向。
Combined with the accident cases in oil tanks at home and abroad,five main types of fire and explosion accidents with handling difficulty have been analyzed,including tank oil overflow,boiling over,tank-group fire.From the point of tank structure,accident development and fire extinguishing processes,three main reasons of accidents which affect the efficiency of tank fire disposal have been concluded,including burning blank zone in the tank,reburning and large loss of foam spray of monitors from far distances.According to the requirement of fire accident extinguishment for large scale tanks,five new directions of firefighting research have been put forwards,including developing environment-friendly foam agent,fire changing foam extinguishing mechanism,adopting compressed air foam technology and new type of subsurface injection system.
作者
郎需庆
Lang Xuqing(State Key Laboratory of Safety and Controls for Chemicals,SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)
出处
《安全、健康和环境》
2022年第3期1-7,共7页
Safety Health & Environment
基金
应急管理部消防救援局科技项目(2021XFCX17),低沸点易燃液体储罐火灾高效处置技术及装备
应急管理部“科技助力经济2020”项目(SQ2020YFF0426576-2020-07-07),易燃易挥发有毒液体长效覆盖与高效灭火移动式应急装备的开发与应用
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020501),原油储罐重大风险预警与防控技术研究及应用。
关键词
石化企业
储罐区
火灾
事故
灭火
泡沫灭火剂
petrochemical plants
tank
fire
accidents
fire extinguishment
foam extinguishing agent
