摘要
火花发射光谱分析钢中单一夹杂物的研究已有文献报导,但用火花光谱分析钢中复合夹杂物一直是个难题。钢中复合夹杂物是一种单一夹杂物包裹另外一种单一夹杂物组成的复合体,或由两个及以上单一夹杂物紧密相邻结合体。如何区分材料中同时存在但不相邻的两种单一夹杂物和二者复合夹杂物,用火花发射光谱技术难于实现。该工作采用火花光谱原位统计分布分析(OPA)进行高铁车轮截面的夹杂物分析,OPA通过对经连续扫描的火花放电激发所产生的元素光谱信号进行采集和分析,可实现大尺度金属材料的成分及夹杂物统计分布表征,在同一激发位置下,当既有Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物光谱信号,也有MnS夹杂物光谱信号,通过对Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物和MnS夹杂物的火花光谱强度时序耦合处理,获得此时序对应位置处的复合夹杂物信息。根据超过阈值以上的火花光谱强度和夹杂物平均面积之间的良好线性关系,在同一位置下,分别获得Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS复合夹杂物中Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物和MnS夹杂物的面积,将Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物面积和MnS夹杂物面积加和,得到Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS复合夹杂物的面积。同时结合扫描电镜(SEM)分析小区域内的复合夹杂物,将每一个扫描电镜复合夹杂物面积对应一个OPA分析夹杂物的归一化面积,建立SEM和OPA两种分析方法获得的复合夹杂物面积的关系曲线,二者具有良好线性关系,线性相关系数大于0.99。取高铁车轮截面中另外两部分进行验证实验,得到的结果也与扫描电镜结果基本一致,即在分析小面积区域内Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS复合夹杂物,OPA分析的归一化结果也能够满足表征需要。除此之外,由于OPA可以进行部件全域分析,可检测到更多的较大Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS复合夹杂物颗粒,可有效避免扫描电镜(SEM)因分析区域有限造成大尺寸夹杂物漏检问题,为大尺寸金属构件的夹杂物分析特别是Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS复合夹杂物的分析提供了一种有效手段。
There are reports on the analysis of single type inclusions in steel by spark emission spectroscopy technology,but it is always a hard issue that complex inclusions analysis in steel by spark emission spectroscopy.The complex inclusions in steel are in two forms,one type inclusion containing another type inclusion or one type inclusion couples with another type inclusion.Nevertheless,distinguishing the isolated two types of inclusions and the complex inclusion is difficult by spark emission spectroscopy technology.In this paper,spark source original position distribution analysis(OPA) is used to analyze complex inclusions in the cross sections of a high railway wheel.The OPA technology can characterize the distribution of compositions and inclusions in a large area by the high-speed data acquisition and the analysis of element’s spectrum signal excited by continuous excitation on the scanning process.At the same exciting position where both Al_(2)O_(3) inclusion spectrum signal and MnS inclusion spectrum signal exist,through sequential spectrum signal correlation between Al_(2)O_(3) inclusion and MnS inclusion,the complex inclusions information can be obtained at the position corresponding to time point.According to a good linear relationship between the spectrum intensity over a threshold value and average area of inclusions,the area of Al_(2)O_(3) inclusion and MnS inclusion in Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusion are obtained.The sum of Al_(2)O_(3) and MnS is the area of Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusion at the same position.The scanning electron microscope(SEM) method is also used to analyze the Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusions in a limited area.The area of each complex inclusion by SEM corresponds to the normalized area of inclusion by OPA analysis,both the SEM and the OPA methods are in good consistency,and the linear correlation coefficient is better than 0.99.The results of the other two parts B_(2) and B_(3) of the cross-section of high-speed rail wheel measured by OPA for verification are also matched with the results obtained by SEM.In other words,in the analysis of small area Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusions,the normalized results of OPA analysis can meet the characterization also.Moreover,because the OPA can analyze the whole area of a large sample,more large Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusions can be detected.The weak point is that the detection of leakage of large inclusions by SEM since the smaller testing area can be avoided.An effective method for the Al_(2)O_(3)/MnS complex inclusions analysis in large steel components by OPA is developed.
作者
盛亮
袁良经
李冬玲
张晓芬
张翘楚
于雷
贾云海
SHENG Liang;YUAN Liang-jing;LI Dong-ling;ZHANG Xiao-fen;ZHANG Qiao-chu;YU Lei;JIA Yun-hai(Central Iron&Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;NCS Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《光谱学与光谱分析》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期1122-1128,共7页
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
基金
科技部重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2017YFF0106200)资助。
关键词
火花光谱原位分析
复合夹杂物
粒度分布
高铁车轮
扫描电镜分析
Spark source original position analysis
Complex inclusions
Size distribution
High-speed railway wheel
SEM analysis
