摘要
针对我国北方地区冬季还田秸秆腐解慢导致的出苗率降低及病虫害加重等问题,探究外源促腐微生物在低温条件下对玉米秸秆的降解特性,为低温秸秆降解复配菌系的大田应用提供数据支持。本研究利用单菌株Achromobacter deleyi(A3)、Pseudomonas plecoglossicida(A4)、Aspergillus terreus(A)和Phanerochaete chrysosporium(P)构建复配复合菌系GF-Z,测定其秸秆降解特性及在不同初始pH值、NaCl浓度和温度条件下的降解率、酶活性等。结果表明:复配菌玉米秸秆降解能力随滤纸酶、木聚糖酶及漆酶活性的增加而增加,复配菌GF-Z在15℃条件下培养30 d玉米秸秆降解率为38.79%,滤纸酶、木聚糖酶和漆酶活性分别为14.59 U·mL^(-1)、5.86 U·mL^(-1)和54.49 U·L^(-1);在NaCl浓度0.02%~2.5%、初始pH 4.0~9.0条件下,GF-Z酶活性均保持了81%以上,玉米秸秆降解率36.2%~37.5%;当温度范围为13~25℃时,酶活性保持了85%以上,玉米秸秆降解率达38.79%。
The slow decomposition of stover returned to field in winter leads to low emergence rate of seedlings and aggravation of diseases and insect pests in northern China.Here,we explored the degradation characteristics of corn stover by exogenous rot promoting microorganisms under low temperature,with the aim to provide scientific support for field application of low-temperature corn stover degradation compound bacteria.Achromobacter deleyi(A3),Pseudomonas plecoglossicida(A4),Aspergillus terreus(A),and Phanerochaete chrysosporium(P)were used to build composite microbial system GF-Z.The results showed that degradation rate of corn stover by the composite microbial system GF-Z under 15℃cultivated for 30 d was 38.79%.The activities of filter paper enzyme(FPA),xylanase and laccase were 14.59 U·mL^(-1),5.86 U·mL^(-1)and 54.49 U·mL^(-1),respectively.Under the conditions of salt concentration 0.02%-2.5%and initial pH 4.0-9.0,the activities of FPA,xylanase and laccase of GF-Z were maintained above 81%,and the degradation rate of corn stover was 36.2%-37.5%.When temperature ranged from 13 to 25℃,the activities of FPA,xylanase and laccase of GF-Z were maintained above 85%,and the degradation rate of corn stover reached 38.79%.
作者
张必周
青格尔
高聚林
于晓芳
胡树平
张鑫
王富贵
韩升才
ZHANG Bi-zhou;BORJIGIN Qingge-er;GAO Ju-lin;YU Xiao-fang;HU Shu-ping;ZHANG Xin;WANG Fu-gui;HAN Sheng-cai(Agricultural College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Genetic Improvement,Hohhot 010019,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science,Hohhot 010010,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期487-494,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31760353)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2020MS03086,2018ZD02)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300804)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系和农业部华北黄土高原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站项目(25204120)资助。
关键词
玉米秸秆
低温
复配微生物
降解特性
corn stover
low temperature
composite microbial system
decomposition characteristics
