摘要
隐形冠军企业是德国管理学者赫尔曼·西蒙提出的概念,用以刻画社会知名度低但是国际市场占有率极高的中小企业。在逆全球化情境下,我国企业面临诸多"卡脖子"技术瓶颈,培育一大批国际细分市场上的隐形冠军企业是我国有效实施"双循环"战略、实现高质量经济发展的有力推手。因此,隐形冠军企业的发展战略和成长机理已成为学界关注的热点问题。本文归纳提出"精一战略"概念,认为隐形冠军企业之所以能够成功,得益于其在整个生命周期中始终坚持"精一战略"。文章基于创业理论视角,实证检验了精一战略在创业导向与隐形冠军企业绩效之间的作用机制,研究发现隐形冠军企业的创业导向能够促进其技术创新、获取先发优势,显著提升其企业绩效;而聚焦细分市场,做专、做精、做深并且持之以恒地实施精一战略则帮助隐形冠军企业形成核心竞争能力,因而达到提升经营绩效的目的。文章还进一步探讨了吸收能力、环境动态性对精一战略与隐形冠军企业绩效之间关系的影响。本文从理论上解释了隐形冠军企业的成长机理,并对数字经济和双循环背景下,我国如何培育更多隐形冠军企业具有指导和启发意义。
Hidden champion enterprise is a concept proposed by German management scholar Simon to describe small and medium-sized enterprises with low social popularity but high share in the international market.In the context of anti-globalization,Chinese enterprises are facing many“neck”technical bottlenecks.Cultivating a large number of hidden champion enterprises in international market segments is a powerful push for China to effectively implement the“dual cycle”strategy and realize high-quality economic development.This paper aims to explore the internal mechanism of the entrepreneurial success of hidden champion enterprises,summarizes and puts forward the concept of“Niche strategy”,and believes that the success of hidden champion enterprises is due to their adherence to Niche strategy in the whole life cycle.Based on the perspective of entrepreneurship theory,this paper analyzes the mechanism of Niche strategy between entrepreneurial orientation and hidden champion enterprise performance,and further discusses the impact of absorptive capacity and environmental dynamics on the relationship between Niche strategy and hidden champion enterprise performance.This paper uses 283 sample data for empirical analysis,uses hierarchical linear regression and bootstrap method to verify the theoretical hypothesis,and uses structural equation model to test the stability.The results show that the entrepreneurial orientation of hidden champion enterprises can promote their technological innovation,obtain first mover advantage,and significantly improve their enterprise performance;focusing on market segments,doing specialized,refined and deep work,and persistently implementing Niche strategy will help hidden champion enterprises form their core competitiveness,so as to achieve the purpose of improving performance.Further research shows that absorptive capacity can strengthen the relationship between Niche strategy and hidden champion enterprise performance,while environmental dynamics have no significant impact on the relationship between Niche strategy and hidden champion enterprise performance.The main contributions of this study are as follows:First,it enriches the research related to strategic management,pays attention to the Niche strategy adopted by hidden champion enterprises in the whole life cycle,and explores whether the key role of Niche strategy is established between entrepreneurial orientation and enterprise performance.Second,in response to the call of multiple regulation research,it explores the development process of hidden champion enterprises from the perspectives of internal absorptive capacity and external environmental dynamics,which provides a more comprehensive explanation for the impact mechanism of hidden champion enterprise performance improvement.The research not only theoretically explains the growth mechanism of hidden champion enterprises,but also has guiding and enlightening significance on how to cultivate more hidden champion enterprises in China under the background of digital economy and“dual cycle”.
作者
葛宝山
赵丽仪
Ge Baoshan;Zhao Liyi(School of Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)
出处
《外国经济与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期117-135,共19页
Foreign Economics & Management
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71972083)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(72091310,72091315)。
关键词
隐形冠军
创业导向
精一战略
吸收能力
环境动态性
hidden champion
entrepreneurial orientation
Niche strategy
absorptive capacity
environmental dynamics
