摘要
通过采用常规方法对林芝2份黑脉羊肚菌菌样品中主要营养成分(蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总糖、灰分和水分)及18种氨基酸和矿物质元素进行分析,结果表明,主要营养成分含量较为丰富,粗脂肪含量低。2份样品均含有人体所需要的18种氨基酸(必需氨基酸8种,非必需氨基酸10种),且差异不大。与云南产黑脉羊肚菌相比,氨基酸总量要高,多色氨酸。8种必需氨基酸占氨基酸总含量的35.06%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的质量比为0.53, 9种药用氨基酸占氨基酸总量的67%以上, 4种鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的32%以上。根据AAS和CS评分,采自林芝波密县塔鲁村的样品(用TL表示)的第一限制性氨基酸为亮氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸,采自林芝波密县达兴村的样品(用DX表示)的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为亮氨酸。2份样品的EAAI分别是0.66和0.62,表明羊肚菌为可用蛋白源。2份样品含有较为丰富的常量元素(钾、钙、钠和镁)和微量元素(铁、铜、锌、锰、硒和铬),钙元素和硒元素含量较高,可用于补硒和钙,镉元素和砷元素含量未超出国家标准要求,不含铅汞元素。
The main nutritional components(protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total sugar, ash and moisture) and 18 kinds of amino acids and mineral elements in two Morchella strains of Linzhi were analyzed by conventional methods. The results showed that the main nutritional components were rich and crude fat was low. There were 18 kinds of amino acids(8 kinds of essential amino acids and 10 kinds of nonessential amino acids) in the two samples. Compared with Morchella nigra from Yunnan, the total amount of amino acids was higher and the content of tryptophan was higher. Eight essential amino acids accounted for 35.06% of the total amino acids;The mass ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 0.53;Nine medicinal amino acids accounted for more than 67% of the total amino acids;Four delicious amino acids accounted for more than 32%of the total amino acids. According to AAS and CS scores, the first limiting amino acid of TL was leucine and the second limiting amino acid was isoleucine. The first limiting amino acid of DX was methionine+cysteine and the second limiting amino acid was leucine. The EAAI of the two samples was 0.66 and 0.62 respectively, which indicated that Morchella was the available protein source. The two samples were rich in major elements(K, CA, Na and Mg) and trace elements(Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se and Cr). The contents of Ca and Se were relatively high, which could be used to develop products supplemented with Ca and Se.The contents of Cd and As met the national standards, but lead and mercury were not detected.
作者
何峰
梁杰
HE Feng;LIANG Jie(School of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000;Shigatse vocational and technical school,Shigatse 857000)
出处
《食品工业》
CAS
2022年第2期339-342,共4页
The Food Industry
基金
西藏大学校级培育项目青苗计划(编号:ZDQMJH19-37)。
关键词
黑脉羊肚菌
营养成分
氨基酸
矿物质
Morchella angusticeps Peck
nutritional components
amino acid
minerals
