摘要
振兴乡村,关键在人。我国目前处于取得脱贫攻坚全面胜利和全面开展乡村振兴的过渡阶段,面临的主要问题有农业技术人才质量不高和农民培育人数紧缺。我国长期对民生和“三农”问题保持着热切关注,并对其中的新型职业农民培育表现出了高度的重视,因而陆续颁布了一系列相关政策法规,旨在解决农民培育所面临的问题和困境。农民也由身份的代名词逐渐转变成一种职业的名称,对农民培育问题的提法也从职业农民转变为如今的高素质农民。高素质农民培育不仅事关农民的培育工作,同时与我国农业现代化和农村经济的发展密切相关。当下立足于社会经济的新格局,势必赋予农民新的历史使命和新的时代内涵。农民是实施乡村振兴战略的主力军,因此培育出达到现代农业生产要求的高素质农民,是乡村振兴的关键所在。高素质农民是有文化、懂技术、善经营、会管理和具备专业知识和专业技能的综合型农民。高素质农民的培育并不是单一的农业问题,涉及到教育问题、经济问题、人力资源开发等多领域的复合问题。因此,研究目前高素质农民的培养现状,对推动乡村振兴具有重大意义。基于这样的背景,通过文献分析和实地调查,总结目前在乡村振兴战略下高素质农民培育存在的问题有:培育对象综合素质不高;培育后继人才文化水平偏低,年龄偏大;高素质农民各项资源不足、高素质农民培育立法缺失、相关配套政策有待完善等。因此应在培育免费农学专业大学生和吸引人才下乡相结合;提升农民素质,打造高素质农民人才队伍;借鉴国外经验、加快建立高素质农民相关的法律法规,完善配套政策,解决高素质农民后顾之忧等具有针对性的对策与建议。以促进高素质农民培育在人才振兴框架下的应用与发展,推进乡村全面振兴。
The key to revitalize the countryside lies in people.At present,China is in the transition stage of achieving comprehensive victory in poverty alleviation and carrying out rural revitalization.The main problems we are facing are the low quality of agricultural technical personnel and the shortage of farmer training.China has always maintained a keen attention to the livelihood of the people and the“three rural”issues.The Chinese government has attached great importance to the cultivation of new professional farmers,so a series of relevant policies and regulations have been promulgated,aiming to solve the problems and difficulties faced by farmer cultivation.Farmers have also gradually changed from the synonymous of identity to a professional name,and the concept of farmer cultivation has also changed from professional farmers to today’s high-quality farmers.The cultivation of high-quality farmers is not only related to the cultivation of farmers,but also closely related to the development trend of Chinese agricultural modernization and rural economy.At present,based on the new pattern of social economy,it is bound to give farmers a new historical mission and new connotation of the times.Farmers are the main force in the implementation of rural revitalization strategy,so the key to rural revitalization lies in talent revitalization.Cultivating high-quality farmers to meet the requirements of modern agricultural production is the key means of talent revitalization,namely,talent revitalization cannot be separated from the cultivation of high-quality farmers.High-quality farmers are comprehensive farmers with literacy,understanding of technology,good management and operation abilities.They not only have professional knowledge and skills,but also have professional organizations and professional teams.The cultivation of high-quality farmers is not a single agricultural issue,but also involves education,economic issues,human resources development and other fields of complex issues.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the cultivation of high-quality farmers in China.Based on this background,through literature analysis and field investigation,this paper summarizes the existing problems in the cultivation of high-quality farmers under the rural revitalization strategy.Namely,the comprehensive quality of the cultivated object is not high.The cultural level of cultivating successor talents is low and the age is relatively old.High-quality farmers are lack of resources,high-quality farmers training legislation is absent,and related supporting policies need to be improved.Combined with the characteristics of five categories of agricultural talents pointed out in the rural revitalization strategy,this paper provides corresponding training methods for talents,and points out the direction for the cultivation of high-quality farmers.In view of the current situation,the paper puts forward the combination of cultivating agricultural students who are charged no tuition and attracting talents to the countryside.The paper also suggests to improve the quality of farmers,build a team of high-quality farmers,learn from foreign experience,accelerate the establishment of high-quality farmers related laws and regulations,improve supporting policies,and solve the worries of high-quality farmers to promote the application and development of high-quality farmers cultivation under the framework of talent revitalization,and promote the all-round rural revitalization.
作者
肖兴政
吴亚丹
XIAO Xingzheng;WU Yadan(School of Education and Psychological Science,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643000,China)
出处
《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2022年第1期16-33,共18页
Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition
基金
四川省哲学社会科学规划项目(SC17XK064)
宜宾市社科联规划课题(201814)。
关键词
乡村振兴
高素质农民
人才振兴
乡村建设
职业教育
农业农村
rural revitalization
high-quality farmers
talent revitalization
rural construction
vocational education
agriculture and rural areas
