摘要
为研究种植密度和方式对油莎豆光能利用率和产量的影响,于2017—2018年选取黑油莎1号为试验材料,采用裂区试验设计,以种植密度为主区,分别设置9万(A1)、11万(A2)和13万株·hm^(-2)(A3);以种植方式为裂区,分别设置110 cm垄上三行(小行距30 cm)(B1)、65 cm垄上双行(小行距20 cm)(B2)和45 cm垄上单行(B3)。测定不同处理下油莎豆植株的生长指标、群体叶面积指数、透光率、叶绿素含量、叶片净光合速率、生物量和产量。结果表明,种植密度和种植方式对植株生长、叶片光合性能及块茎产量有显著影响。A1密度下,群体叶面积指数在块茎生长后期达到最大值;而A2、A3密度下,在块茎生长中期已达最大值。A1、A2、A3密度下,冠层和下部叶片的叶绿素含量分别在块茎生长后期、生长中期和形成期达到最大值。块茎生长中期,A2B1处理冠层和下部叶片平均叶绿素含量和叶片净光合速率均最高。同一种植模式下,不同种植密度处理的群体产量表现为A2>A3>A1,且处理间差异显著。结合种植模式,即A2B1处理的群体产量最高,为7 469.81kg·hm^(-2)。综上所述,合理密度结合宽窄行种植,是实现作物群体结构优化并提高产量的重要途径,为进一步挖掘寒地油莎豆产量潜力提供理论依据。
In order to study the effects of different planting densities and patterns on population structure and yield of Cyperus esculentus,Heiyousha 1 was used as material in 2017—2018. Split plot design was used,which planting density were as main plot with 9×10^(4)(A1),11×10^(4)(A2),13×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)(A3);and planting pattern was split plot including110 cm ridge with three lines(B1),65 cm ridge with two lines(B2),45 cm ridge with one line(B3). Growth index,leaf area index(LAI),percent transimission,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate of leaves,biomass and yield of different treatments were measured. The results showed that the planting densities and patterns had significant effects on plant growth,photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and yield. LAI reached maximum value at late stage of tuber growth under A1 treatment,and reached the maximum value at middle stage of tuber growth under A2 and A3 treatments. Chlorophyll content in canopy and lower leaves of different density treatments reached the maximum at late,middle and formative stages of tuber formation,respectively. Among all treatments,chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rates in the canopy and lower leaves of A2 B1 treatment were the highest at middle stage of tuber growth. Among all treatments,the yield of A2 treatment(7 469.81 kg·hm^(-2)) was significant higher than other treatments. In conclusion,reasonable density combined with wide-narrow row planting was an important way to optimize population structure and increase yield,which provided theoretical basis for further improving yield of Cyperus esculentus in cold region.
作者
钟鹏
苗丽丽
刘杰
王建丽
陆海燕
于洪久
张楠
ZHONG Peng;MIAO Lili;LIU Jie;WANG Jianli;LU Haiyan;YU Hongjiu;ZHANG Nan(Institute of Rural Energy&Environmental Protection,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Harbin 150086,China;Institute of Pratacultural Science,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《中国农业科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期186-196,共11页
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2020C026)
黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”项目(2020KYGC0601)
黑龙江省农业科学院成果转化中试项目(2020ZSXM002)
黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2020YYYF012)
黑龙江省农业科学院博士科研启动金项目。
关键词
油莎豆
群体结构
光合特性
产量
Cyperus esculentus
population structure
photosynthetic characteristics
yield
