摘要
采用锯切应变片法与X射线衍射法,对75 m定尺在线热处理贝氏体钢轨全断面三维残余应力进行表征,研究两种残余应力测量方法的适用范围。结果表明:通过两种方法测得的钢轨头部、中部、尾部纵向残余应力分布规律基本一致,均呈C形分布,即轨头和轨底为残余拉应力,轨腰为残余压应力;轨头轨面下30 mm深度范围内为纵向残余拉应力;内部残余应力一般低于外表面残余应力;钢轨全断面垂向、横向残余应力相对较小。建议在钢轨母材残余应力检验与评价等工程领域采用较为简便与高效的锯切应变片法,在钢轨应用技术与伤损分析等研究领域采用更具局部微小区域针对性的X射线衍射法。
The full section 3D residual stress of 75 m fixed-length online heat-treated bainite rail was characterized by sawing strain gauge method and X-ray diffraction method,and the application scope of the two residual stress measurement methods was studied. The results show that the distribution law of longitudinal residual stresses at the head,middle and tail of the rail measured by the two methods are basically the same and are C-shaped distribution,which means the residual tensile stress is at the head and bottom of the rail and the residual compressive stress is at the waist of the rail. Longitudinal residual tensile stress is within 30 mm below the rail surface of rail head. The internal residual stress is generally lower than the external surface residual stress. The vertical and transverse residual stresses of the whole rail section are relatively small. It is suggested to adopt a relatively simple and efficient sawing strain gauge method in the engineering fields such as the inspection and evaluation of rail base metal residual stress,and adopt a more local micro region targeted X-ray diffraction method in the research fields such as rail application technology and damage analysis.
作者
刘佳朋
刘钰
李闯
刘丰收
杜吉康
苏孺
LIU Jiapeng;LIU Yu;LI Chuang;LIU Fengshou;DU Jikang;SU Ru(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)
出处
《铁道建筑》
北大核心
2022年第3期34-38,共5页
Railway Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52001329)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2019YJ161)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所基金(2019SJ09)。
关键词
贝氏体钢轨
三维残余应力
X射线衍射法
锯切应变片法
测量方法
Bainite rail
3D residual stress
X-ray diffraction method
sawing strain gauge method
measuring method
