摘要
为了给油茶林合理施肥管理提供科学依据,本研究以13 a生“岑软3号”油茶(Camellia oleifera)树为研究对象,以不施肥作为空白对照,以不加氮肥作为无氮对照,研究相同施氮量下硝态氮肥、铵态氮肥、酰胺态氮肥以及3种形态氮素1∶1∶1混合态氮肥对油茶春梢形态及生理的影响。结果显示,与空白对照相比,混合态氮对春梢数量、春梢长度、春梢直径的增加幅度最大,分别提高33.74%、71.97%、27.86%;混合态氮和硝态氮明显提高了叶片总氮、总磷和全钾的积累量,其中总氮增加幅度分别为60.58%、53.49%,总磷增加幅度分别为26.60%、37.23%,全钾增加幅度分别为34.31%、42.80%;混合态氮和硝态氮对春梢中有机物的增加幅度较大,可溶性糖分别增加17.66%、17.90%,可溶性蛋白分别增加10.74%、7.96%;施氮肥能显著增加油茶叶片酶活性,其中混合态氮的增加幅度最大,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性分别比对照增加26.78%、209.26%、30.09%;施氮肥还能提高油茶对弱光的利用效率与光合速率,其中以混合态氮的作用最为显著。以上结果表明,油茶树春梢萌发前施加氮肥对春梢的生长有促进作用,同等含氮量下不同形态氮肥对油茶春梢生长的作用排序为混合态氮肥>硝态氮肥>铵态氮肥>酰胺态氮肥。
In order to provide a scientific basis for the rational fertilization management of Camellia oleifera forest,the 13-year-old"Cenruan No.3"C.oleifera tree were taken as the research objects,and no fertilization was used as the blank control and no nitrogen fertilizer was used as the non-nitrogen control.The effects of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer,ammonium nitrogen fertilizer,amide nitrogen fertilizer and three forms of nitrogen fertilizer(1∶1∶1)on the morphology and physiology of spring shoots of C.oleifera under the same nitrogen application rate were studied.The results showed that compared with the blank control,the mixed nitrogen had the largest increase in the number,length and diameter of spring shoots by 33.74%,71.97%and 27.86%,respectively.Mixed nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen significantly increased the accumulation of total nitrogen,among them,total nitrogen increased by 60.58%and 53.49%,total phosphorus increased by 26.60%and 37.23%,total potassium increased by 34.31%and 42.80%,respectively.Mixed nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased the main organic matter of spring shoots significantly,with soluble sugar increased by 17.66%and 17.90%respectively,and soluble protein increased by 10.74%and 7.96%respectively.Nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the enzyme activity of C.oleifera leaves,and the increase of mixed nitrogen was the largest.The activities of SOD,POD and CAT increased by 26.78%,209.26%and 30.09%respectively compared with the control.The application of nitrogen fertilizer could also improve the utilization efficiency and photosynthetic rate of C.oleifera under weak light,among which the effect of mixed nitrogen was the most obvious.The above results show that the application of nitrogen fertilizer before spring shoot germination of C.oleifera can promote the growth of spring shoots.Under the same nitrogen content,the effect of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth of C.oleifera spring shoots is as follows:Mixed nitrogen fertilizer>nitrate nitrogen fertilizer>ammonium nitrogen fertilizer>amide nitrogen fertilizer.
作者
冯名开
李兰兰
颜妙珍
周歧伟
袁高庆
潘晓芳
赖家业
FENG Mingkai;LI Lanlan;YAN Miaozhen;ZHOU Qiwei;YUAN Gaoqing;PAN Xiaofang;LAI Jiaye(Forestry College,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530004,China;Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530004,China;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530004,China)
出处
《广西科学》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第1期201-208,共8页
Guangxi Sciences
基金
广西重大科技专项“油茶园艺化栽培关键技术研究”课题(桂科AA20302021-2)资助。
关键词
油茶
施肥
氮素形态
春梢生长
养分含量
光合特性
Camellia oleifera
fertilization
nitrogen forms
spring-shoot growth
nutrient content
photosynthetic
