摘要
【目的】研究酒糟发酵复合益生菌剂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数和血清生化指标的影响,为酒糟的综合应用和推广提供参考。【方法】选取120只体质量相近的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,公母各5只。其中对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加质量分数1%,5%和10%的酒糟发酵复合益生菌剂,试验期为49 d。试验结束后,分别测定各组肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及血清生化指标。【结果】(1)在生长性能方面,22~49日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡的平均日采食量分别提高7.52%和11.83%(P<0.01),平均日增重分别提高16.58%和23.87%(P<0.01),料重比分别降低7.97%和9.97%(P<0.05),且49日龄肉鸡平均体质量分别提高13.31%和19.47%(P<0.01)。(2)在屠宰性能方面,与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡半净膛率分别提高3.43%和5.23%(P<0.05),全净膛率分别提高5.66%和9.50%(P<0.05),腿肌率分别提高11.96%和28.60%(P<0.01),胸肌率分别提高11.49%和7.11%(P<0.01)。(3)在免疫器官指数方面,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组肉鸡的脾脏指数显著提高24.72%(P<0.05),肝脏指数提高14.56%;Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡的胸腺指数分别提高6.36%和6.78%;酒糟基复合益生菌剂具有改善肉鸡肝脏指数和胸腺指数的趋势。(4)在血清生化指标方面,21日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡的白蛋白(ALB)显著提高了18.39%和13.10%(P<0.05),尿酸(UA)显著降低了23.87%和36.41%(P<0.05);49日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)分别极显著降低了42.61%和61.11%(P<0.01)。【结论】基础饲粮中添加一定量的酒糟发酵复合益生菌剂,能有效提高肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能,增强免疫器官指数,改善血液生化指标。该试验条件下,肉鸡饲料中的酒糟发酵复合益生菌剂最优添加比例为10%。
【Objective】This study investigated the effects of compound probiotics of distiller’s grains on growth performance,slaughter performance,immune organ indices and serum biochemical indices of broilers to provide reference for the comprehensive application and popularization of distiller’s grains.【Method】A total of 120(half male and half female)Arbor Acres broilers at the age of 1 day were allocated into 4 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 10 broilers per replicate.The control group was fed with basal diet,and the experimental groups ofⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed with basal diet with addition of 1%,5%and 10%compound probiotics,respectively.The experiment lasted for 49 days,and growth performance,slaughter performance,immune organ indices and serum biochemical parameters of broilers were measured.【Result】(1)Regarding growth performance,at the age of 22 to 49 days,compared with the control troup,the average daily feed intake of AA broilers in groupsⅡandⅢincreased by 7.52%and 11.83%(P<0.01)the average daily gain increased by 16.58%and 23.87%(P<0.01),the feed weight ratio decreased by 7.97%and 9.97%(P<0.05),and the average body mass increased by 13.31%and 19.47%,respectively(P<0.01).(2)On the slaughter performance,compared with the control group,the rates of half eviscerated increased by 3.43%and 5.23%(P<0.05),the rates of eviscerated increased by 5.66%and 9.50%(P<0.05),the leg muscle rate increased by 11.96%and 28.60%(P<0.01),and the breast muscle rate increased by 11.49%and 7.11%,respectively(P<0.01).(3)In terms of immune organ indices,compared with the control group,the spleen index of AA broilers in groupⅡsignificantly increased by 24.72%(P<0.05),and liver index increased by 14.56%.The thymus index of groupsⅡandⅢincreased by 6.36%and 6.78%,respectively.Distiller’s grains based compound probiotics showed the ability of improving liver index and thymus index of broilers.(4)On serum biochemical indexes,at the age of 21 days,the ALB of AA broilers in groupsⅡandⅢwas 18.39%and 13.10%higher than that in the control(P<0.05),and the UA was 23.87%and 36.41%lower(P<0.05).At the age of 49 days,compared with the control group,ALT of AA broilers in groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly decreased by 42.61%and 61.11%,respectively(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Adding compound probiotics from distiller’s grains to basal diet effectively improved the growth and slaughter performance of broilers and enhanced the immune organ indices and blood biochemical indices.The optimal adding proportion was 10%according to this study.
作者
吴影
崔玉明
乔香君
王乐成
赵丽娜
马金亮
古绍彬
WU Ying;CUI Yuming;QIAO Xiangjun;WANG Lecheng;ZHAO Lina;MA Jinliang;GU Shaobin(College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Henan Food Microbial Engineering Technology Research Center,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Processing and Safety,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Comprehensive Bonded Zone and Port Business Service Bureau of Zhengzhou Airport Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone,Zhengzhou,Henan 451162,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期8-16,共9页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870093)
河南省科技攻关项目(202102110296)
河南科技大学大学生研究训练计划项目(2020160)。
关键词
酒糟
复合益生菌
肉鸡
生长性能
屠宰性能
免疫器官指数
血清生化指标
distiller’s grains
compound probiotics
broiler
growth performance
slaughter performance
immune organ index
serum biochemical indices
