摘要
以太原市西山矿区岩质边坡、土质边坡、岩土混合边坡3种类型生态护坡工程为对象,采用典范对应分析(CCA)排序研究不同类型边坡环境因子与物种分布的关系,并分析土壤和地形等环境因子对植物多样性的影响。结果表明:岩土混合边坡植被组成较为丰富(8科17属19种),以菊科、禾本科、豆科、葡萄科、唇形科、苦木科为主;物种丰富度指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数均为岩土混合边坡显著高于土质边坡和岩质边坡。3种类型边坡的人工土壤养分含量均显著高于自然裸地边坡,混合边坡的总氮(1.24 g·kg^(-1))、有机质(21.28 g·kg^(-1))、速效钾(0.21 g·kg^(-1))平均含量均分别高于岩质边坡(1.02、15.56和0.14 g·kg^(-1))和土质边坡(0.80、11.65和0.15 g·kg^(-1))。植物多样性指数与土壤因子呈显著相关,有机质和土壤含水量是主要的限制因子,且土壤因子对植被恢复的影响大于地形因子。结构方程模型表明,土壤因子对植被恢复的影响是直接的,而地形因子如坡度会通过影响土壤水分和养分等土壤因子来间接影响植被的恢复。
With three types of ecological slope protection projects of rock slope,soil slope and rock soil mixed slope(geotechnical slope)in Xishan mining area of Taiyuan as the object,CCA ranking was used to examine the relationship between environmental factors and species distribution of different types of slopes,and analyze the impacts of environmental factors such as soil and topography on plant diversity.The results showed that geotechnical slope was rich in vegetation composition(8 families,17 genera,and 19 species),including Asteraceae,Gramineae,Fabaceae,Vitaceae,Lamiaceae,Simaroubaceae,etc.The species richness,Shannon index,Simpson index,and Pielou evenness index of the geotechnical slope were significantly higher than that of soil slope and rocky slope.The artificial soil nutrient contents of the three types of slopes were significantly higher than that of the control.The ave-rage contents of total nitrogen(1.24 g·kg^(-1)),organic matter(21.28 g·kg^(-1)),and available potassium(0.21 g·kg^(-1))of geotechnical slope were higher than that of rocky slope(1.02,15.56 and 0.14 g·kg^(-1))and soil slope(0.80,11.65 and 0.15 g·kg^(-1)),respectively.Vegetation diversity was significantly related to soil factors,with organic matter and soil water content as the main limiting factors.Soil factors had greater impacts on vegetation restoration than topographical factors.Results of structural equation modeling showed that topographical factors,such as slope gradient,indirectly affected vegetation restoration by affecting soil moisture and nutrients.
作者
乔欧盟
陈璋
QIAO Ou-meng;CHEN Zhang(Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Loess Plateau,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期742-748,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
山西省青年基金项目(201901D211133)
国家自然科学基金项目(41501563)
山西省黄河实验室开放基金项目(20210601)资助。
关键词
护坡工程
人工土壤
环境因子
slope protection engineering
artificial soil
environmental factor
