摘要
我国第一部《婚姻法》中规定了影响婚姻效力的疾病,这些规定在传染病的防治和降低出生缺陷率的过程中发挥过巨大作用。随着医学水平的大幅提高,人们的婚姻观念也随之发生变化,《婚姻法》中的部分规定已与当下的社会生活不再有效衔接。2020年出台的《民法典》对影响婚姻效力的疾病进行了全新修订,但也给学界留下了对“重大疾病”的内涵应当如何解读的难题。《民法典》是《婚姻法》的承袭,也是现行法律体系中的一环,对《民法典》第一千零五十三条中“重大疾病”的解读,不仅要符合历部婚姻法中所维系的共同法益,还要与现行法秩序相符合。因此,对“重大疾病”应当做扩大化解释,可能影响当事人缔结婚姻关系意愿、影响婚后家庭共同生活的疾病,都应归属于“重大疾病”的范畴。这不仅有助于婚姻自由权利的实现,更有利于家庭及社会秩序的稳定和谐。
In the first Marriage Law of China, the diseases that affect the validity of marriage are stipulated. These provisions play an important role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and the reduction of birth defects. But with the improvement of medical level and the change of marriage concept with the development of society, some provisions of the Marriage Law cannot be effectively linked with social life. The Civil Code, promulgated in 2020, introduces new amendments to diseases affecting the validity of marriage. The wording of“a disease regarded by medical science as rending a person unfit for marriage”is revised to“a serious disease”, and the effect on marriage has also been changed from invalid to revocable. It also poses a difficulty to the academic community as to how to interpret the connotation of“serious illness”. The Civil Code is an inheritance of the Marriage Law and a link in the current legal system. The interpretation of“serious diseases”in Article 1053 of the Civil Code shall not only conform to the common legal interests maintained in all previous Marriage Laws, but also conform to the current legal order. Therefore, the term“serious diseases”should be interpreted in a broader sense. The diseases that may affect the will of the parties to enter into marriage and affect their family life after marriage should belong to the category of“serious diseases”. This is not only conducive to the realization of the right of marriage freedom, but also conducive to family and social stability and harmony.
作者
郑佚元
ZHENG Yiyuan(Tianjin University,NanKai 300110,China)
出处
《金华职业技术学院学报》
2022年第2期50-57,共8页
Journal of Jinhua Polytechnic
关键词
婚姻效力
重大疾病
法教义学
法律解释
validity of marriage
serious diseases
legal dogmatics
legal interpretation
