摘要
评价绵阳市生活饮用水中重金属指标的长期健康风险,为建立绵阳生活饮用水卫生安全预警体系,预防水源性疾病提供数据支持。方法 收集2015—2019年绵阳市6 939份水样检测数据,应用美国环境保护署推荐的模型对饮用水中9种重金属污染指标进行健康风险初步评价。结果 9种重金属污染物质所致的总健康风险度为5.49×10^(-5)/a,其中致癌物质和非致癌物质的总健康风险分别为5.49×10^(-5)/a和3.67×10^(-9)/a,致癌物质的健康风险水平为铬(六价)>砷>镉,非致癌物质的健康风险水平为铜>铅>汞>锰>铁>锌。城市和农村地区9种重金属污染物质所致的总健康风险度分别为5.41×10^(-5)/a和4.49×10^(-5)/a,出厂水、末梢水和二次供水中9种重金属污染物质所致的总健康风险度分别为4.49×10^(-5)/a、5.41×10^(-5)/a和5.41×10^(-5)/a,成年男性、成年女性和儿童9种重金属污染物质所致的总健康风险度分别为5.48×10^(-5)/a、5.48×10^(-5)/a和4.80×10^(-5)/a。结论 2015—2019年绵阳市饮用水中9种重金属物质所致的总健康风险度等级为Ⅲ,风险程度为中等。铬(六价)、砷和镉是绵阳市饮用水主要重金属致癌污染物质。日常监管中,应重视城市地区饮用水、末梢水和二次供水两种水样中重金属的监测和评估,关注重金属污染物对成年人的健康风险。
Objective To evaluate the long-term health risk of heavy metals in drinking water of Mianyang City,provide data support for the establishment of drinking water health and safety early warning system and prevention of water borne diseases.Methods The data of 6 939 water samples were collected in Mianyang City from 2015 to 2019.The model recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency was used to evaluate the health risk of nine heavy metal pollution indicators in drinking water.Results The total health risk of nine heavy metal pollutants was 5.49×10^(-5)/a,in which the total health risk of carcinogens and non-carcinogens was 5.49×10^(-5)/a and 3.67×10^(-9)/a respectively.The health risk level of carcinogens was Cr(Ⅵ)>As>Cd,and that of non carcinogens was Cu>Pb>Hg>Mn>Fe>Zn.The total health risk of nine heavy metal pollutants in urban and rural areas was 5.41×10^(-5)/a and 4.49×10^(-5)/a respectively.The total health risk of nine heavy metal pollutants in finished water,terminal water and secondary water supply was 4.49×10^(-5)/a,5.41×10^(-5)/a and 5.41×10^(-5)/a,respectively.The total health risk of nine heavy metal pollutants in adult men,adult women and children was 5.48×10^(-5)/a,5.48×10^(-5)/a and 4.80×10^(-5)/a,respectively.Conclusions The total health risk grade of nine heavy metals in drinking water of Mianyang City from 2015 to 2019 is Ⅲ,and the risk level was medium.Chromium(hexavalent),arsenic and cadmium are the main carcinogenic heavy metals in drinking water of Mianyang City.In daily supervision,it is necessary to pay attention to the monitoring and assessment of heavy metals in drinking water of urban areas,peripheral water and secondary water,focus on the health risk of heavy metal pollutants to adults.
作者
罗赟
LUO Yun(Business Department,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang Sichuan,621000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第7期927-931,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
绵阳市卫生健康委科研项目(201965)。
