摘要
百里香(Thymus mongolicus)是一种兼具香化、绿化、美化功能的芳香草本植物,为探究百里香叶片挥发性物质释放种类和释放量与物候期变化间的关系,以期为百里香挥发性物质的进一步研究提供数据支撑与理论依据,本研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术结合外标法,检测百里香叶片在不同物候期释放的挥发性物质,分析挥发性物质的成分与含量,探索百里香挥发性物质的释放节律。结果表明:4个物候期的百里香叶片中共检测出69种挥发性物质,分属于烯烃类、醇类、酯类、芳香烃类、酮类和其他类化合物,不同物候期百里香叶片释放的挥发性物质的种类和含量表现出差异性。挥发性物种种类表现为生长旺盛期(53种)>开花期(50种)>结果期(43种)>衰败期(28种)。挥发性物质含量表现为开花期(163.90μg·g^(-1))>结果期(157.21μg·g^(-1))>生长旺盛期(104.47μg·g^(-1))>衰败期(75.42μg·g^(-1)),总体呈现先升高后降低的趋势。不同时期叶片中检测出11种共有的高含量挥发性物质,分别为γ-松油烯、莰烯、双环[3.1.0]六角-2-烯、月桂烯、桧烯、β-蒎烯、反式石竹烯、桉叶油醇、右旋龙脑、邻-异丙基甲苯、2-甲氧基-4-甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)苯。其中,γ-松油烯(44.96μg·g^(-1))、反式石竹烯(9.50μg·g^(-1))和2-甲氧基-4-甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)苯(7.02μg·g^(-1))在开花期含量较高;莰烯(14.94μg·g^(-1))、双环[3.1.0]六角-2-烯(13.13μg·g^(-1))、月桂烯(9.09μg·g^(-1))、β-蒎烯(4.09μg·g^(-1))、桧烯(3.13μg·g^(-1))和桉叶油醇(18.90μg·g^(-1))均在结果期含量较高;右旋龙脑(6.41μg·g^(-1))和邻-异丙基甲苯(52.93μg·g^(-1))则在生长旺盛期和衰败期含量最高。综上,物候期对百里香叶片挥发性物质的种类和含量具有一定影响。
Thymus mongolicus is an aromatic herb that performs the functions of aromatization,greening,and beautification.This study aimed to provide data support and a theoretical basis for volatile substances in T.mongolicus by exploring the relationship between the types and amounts of volatile substances released in T.mongolicus leaves and the changes occurring with phenological period.Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)combined with an external standard method was used to detect the volatile substances released by T.mongolicus leaves during different phenological periods.The volatile substances release rhythms of T.mongolicus were explored by analyzing the composition and content of the volatile substances.A total of 69 volatile compounds,including olefins,alcohols,esters,aromatic hydrocarbons,and ketones,were detected in T.mongolicus leaves at four phenological stages.The types and amounts of volatile compounds released from T.mongolicus leaves at different phenological stages were different.The types of volatile species varied in the order of the vigorous growth(53 species) > flowering(50 species) > fruiting(43 species) >decay(28 species) periods.Volatile substances content varied in the order of flowering(163.90 μg·g^(-1)) > fruiting(157.21 μg·g^(-1)) > vigorous growth(104.47 μg·g^(-1)) > decay(75.42 μg·g^(-1)) periods,showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.Eleven common high-content volatile substances γ-terpinene,camphene,bicyclo[3.1.0]hexagon-2-ene,laurylene,sabinene,β-pinene,trans-Caryophyllene,eucalyptol,(-)-Borneol,o-isopropylbenzene,and 2-methoxy-4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl) benzene were detected in the leaves at different phenological stages.Among these,the levels of γ-terpinene(44.96 μg·g^(-1)),trans-Caryophyllene(9.50 μg·g^(-1)),and 2-methoxy-4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl) benzene(7.02 μg·g^(-1)) were high at the flowering stage;camphene(14.94 μg·g^(-1)),bicyclo[3.1.0]hexagon-2-ene(13.13 μg·g^(-1)),laurylene(9.09 μg·g^(-1)),β-pinene(4.09 μg·g^(-1)),sabinene(3.13 μg·g^(-1)),and cineole(18.90 μg·g^(-1)) were high at the fruiting stage.The levels of(-)-Borneol(6.41 μg·g^(-1)) and o-isopropylbenzene(52.93 μg·g^(-1)) were the highest at the vigorous growth stage and decay stage.In summary,the phenological period influenced the types and amounts of volatile substances in T.mongolicus leaves.
作者
李兆祺
司家屹
杨秀云
LI Zhaoqi;SI Jiayi;YANG Xiuyun(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期697-706,共10页
Pratacultural Science
基金
山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC138)
晋中市科技重点研发计划(农业)(Y192013)。
关键词
百里香
物候期
叶片
挥发性物质
定性分析
顶空固相微萃取
气相色谱-质谱联用
Thymus mongolicus
phenological period
leaves
volatile substances
qualitative analysis
headspace solid-phase micro extraction
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
