摘要
The main problem of maize plantations is the attack of Striga asiatica in the poor soil,leading to the reduction of maize yield.The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF)helps the host plants to fight against the attack of biotic stress,increasing the water and their nutrients elements.The objective of this study was to enhance maize production,particularly Plata maize variety,by restoring the AMF in soil under Striga asiatica infestation.During 3 years period from 2016 to 2019,three cropping systems were installed on an experimental field of FOFIFA station,Madagascar,using Mulch-based-Cropping System(MCS)of Stylosanthes,and Green Cover System(GCS)using Vigna unguiculata and a Control Plot(CP).A laboratory study was also conducted to determine the mycorrhizal rate in maize roots.The best results on root mycorrhization were found in MCS 16.53%and in GCS 11.65%against 2.01%for the CP.The average number of Striga asiatica plants per plot(100 m^(2) areas)emerging soil was 1 for MCS,3 for GCS,and 15 for CP.The yield production for MCS,GCS,and CP was respectively 4.43 t/ha,2.56 t/ha,and 1.40 t/ha.The high roots colonization mycorrhizal of 16.53%reduces the average Striga asiatica plants number emerging 1 per 100 m^(2) and increases maize grain production by 4.43 t/ha for MCS.The use of MCS of Stylosanthes is the best way to increase the maize yield,reduce Striga plants emerging,and improve the AMF restoration in maize culture.
