摘要
核心素养的落实,是通过分科课程还是综合课程,在理论界虽然未形成定论,但在教育实践领域都有一定的体现,其典型表现便是学科核心素养的出台,综合课程的实施以及“科学—技术—工程—数学”(STEM)课程的引进。但一般素养与学科素养的表述遵循着不同的思维路径,存在转化上的困难;同时,素养培养并不凝固于具体的内容载体,综合课程与素养培养也没有直接的对应关系。因此,对于核心素养的落实,不能仅从课程本身寻找依据,而要从其出发点即素养本位的教育要培养什么样的人谈起。素养本位的教育是为了培养和谐、有灵魂、主动发展的“完整人”。“完整人”在宽度上要知、情、意和谐,在长度上要主动可持续发展,在深度上要突破知识技能的积累,转识成智、涵养生命。“完整人”的培养主要通过教育活动方式的转型来实现。因此,我们需要提升教育活动的态度品质,培养学生对学习的真诚热爱;深化教育活动的智性品质,形成学生活跃的智慧;强化教育活动的化育品质,使学生知行结合、入心为行、内化成人。
There is no theoretical agreement on whether key competencies are practiced through single subjects or integrated subjects,but key competencies are to a certain extent practiced in educational practice,typically in the promulgation of key subject competencies,the implementation of integrated subjects,and the introduction of STEM(science,technology,engineering,and mathematics)courses.However,general competencies and subject-oriented competencies are expressed in different ways of thinking,and there is difficulty in their mutual transformation;at the same time,the cultivation of competencies is not reflected in the concrete content,and integrated subjects do not directly correspond with the cultivation of competencies.Thus,the practice of key competencies cannot merely be based on the subjects themselves,but should start with what kind of people are to be cultivated through competency-based education.In fact,competency-based education aims to cultivate harmonious,great-souled,and self-motivated "whole persons." "Whole persons" pursue harmonious development in intelligence,feelings and will in width,and initiative and sustainable development in length,and by breaking through the accumulation of knowledge and skills,they transform knowledge into wisdom and self-cultivation of life in depth;they are cultivated mainly by means of transforming the modes of educational activities.Therefore,we need to improve the quality of our attitude towards educational activities,and cultivate students’ sincere love for learning;deepen the intellectual quality of educational activities to develop students’ active intelligence;and strengthen the quality of educational activities for talent cultivation so that students can integrate knowledge and practice,and transform what they have learned into their daily behavior.
作者
岳欣云
董宏建
Yue Xinyun;Dong Hongjian(the College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;the School of Continued Education,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)
出处
《教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期35-46,共12页
Educational Research
基金
北京市教育委员会2022年度社科计划重点项目“核心素养背景下北京市小学教师‘教研胜任力’提升的行动研究”(项目编号:SZ202210028017)的研究成果。
关键词
素养
素养本位的教育
完整人
competency
competency-based education
whole person
