摘要
目的对2020年内江市一起幼儿园诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情的流行特征进行分析,为开展诺如病毒感染防控工作提供依据。方法收集病例个案的基本情况、临床表现、流行病学特征等资料,对病例和环境样本进行检测,运用描述性流行病学方法对暴发疫情进行分析。结果疫情共涉及29例病例,罹患率为21.64%,发生时间分布在2020年9月17—20日,发病高峰集中于9月17日。病例涉及幼儿27例和教职工2例,其中27例幼儿年龄分布在2~<5岁,平均年龄2.59岁,不同年龄组罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.130,P<0.01),男女罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.042,P>0.05)。病例分布在3个班级,比较不同班级罹患率,差异有统计学意义(Fisher确切概率法,P<0.01)。采集病例及相关环境样本31份,其中16份诺如病毒GⅡ阳性,阳性率为51.61%。结论本起疫情是由GⅡ型诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻暴发疫情,发病原因尚不能明确。疫情发生后应立即开展病原学检测,及时定性,并采取病例监测、消毒隔离、健康宣传等综合防控措施,以阻遏疫情蔓延。
Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of a Norovirus gastroenteritis event breaking out in a kindergarten in Neijiang in 2020 and to provide the evidence for prevention and control of Norovirus infection.Methods Basic situation,clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of cases were collected,the cases and environmental specimens were tested,and the epidemic breaking out was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results The epidemic involved 29 cases with a prevalence rate of 21.64%,the onset time frame lasted from September 17,2020 to September 20,2020,and the incidence peak generated on on September 17.The cases involved 27 children and 2 teaching staffs,27 children ranged in age from 2 to<5 years with an average age of 2.59 years.The difference in the prevalence rate of patients in different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=32.130,P<0.01),and the difference in the prevalence rate between males and females wasn’t statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.042,P>0.05).The cases were distributed among three classes,and the difference in the prevalence rate between different classes was statistically significant(exact Fisher probability method,P<0.01).Thirty one cases and relevant environmental specimens were collected,including 16 samples suffering from positive Norovirus GII with a positive rate of 51.61%.Conclusion The current epidemic event of infectious diarrhea is infectious diarrhea breaking out caused by Norovirus GII,and the cause of disease remains unclear.The pathogen detection and qualitative analysis should be implemented immediately after the outbreak,qualitative determination should be timely implement,and the case surveillance,disinfection isolation,health promotion and other control measures should be taken to prevent the spread of infectious disease.
作者
谭爱
刘鹃
刘鹏
曾佳芮
刘刚
TAN Ai;LIU Juan;LIU Peng;ZENG Jia-rui;LIU Gang(Neijiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sichuan 641100,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2022年第2期183-186,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
内江市财政局2020年市级部门预算项目(内财预[2020]5号)。
关键词
诺如病毒
感染性腹泻
流行病学特征
暴发疫情
调查
Norovirus
Infectious diarrhea
Epidemiological feature
Epidemic outbreak
Survey
