摘要
超高微重力水平的卫星平台在空间引力波探测、地球重力场测量中发挥着重要的作用,脉冲微推力器可以帮助微重力卫星实现姿态控制.微冲量是评价脉冲微推力器性能的重要指标之一,常用的基于扭摆的微冲量测量方法有两种,方法一是根据单个冲量元瞬间作用于无阻尼扭摆后,扭摆转动最大角位移计算冲量,方法二是根据高固定频率的连续脉冲作用于有阻尼扭摆后,扭摆转动的平均角位移计算冲量.为了在地面实现对脉冲微推力器的微冲量测量,利用已有的基于扭摆的亚微牛级推力测量系统,进行了实验研究.利用静电梳齿产生的标准静电力标定已有的扭摆推力测量系统,通过电容式位移传感器测量扭摆角位移,进而得到推力与角位移的关系,以及其他扭摆系统参数;然后,根据两种冲量测量方法,再以电磁螺线圈与永磁体分别产生瞬时磁力与固定频率的磁力作用于扭摆,研究推力测量系统微冲量测量性能.实验结果表明:使用方法一时,推力测量系统冲量测量范围为0.05~220μN·s,分辨力可达到0.02μN·s;而利用方法二测量微冲量相比于方法一而言,能够扩大冲量测量范围,提高冲量分辨能力.
Satellite platforms with ultra-high microgravity levels play an important role in space gravitational wave detection and Earth’s gravitational field measurement.Pulsed micro-thrusters can help microgravity satellites achieve posture adjustment and control.The magnitude of the micro impulse is one of the important indicators to evaluate the propulsion performance of the pulsed micro thruster.There are two commonly used methods for measuring micro impulse based on torsion pendulum.The first method is to calculate the impulse based on the maximum angular displacement of the torsion pendulum after a single impulse element acts on the undamped torsion pendulum momentarily.The second method is to calculate the impulse based on the average angular displacement of the torsion pendulum rotation after the same high fixed frequency pulse is applied to the damped torsion pendulum.In order to realize the micro-impulse measurement of the pulse micro-thruster on the ground,the existing sub-micron-level thrust measurement system based on the torsion pendulum was used to conduct experimental research.We use the standard electrostatic force generated by the electrostatic comb to calibrate the existing torsion pendulum thrust measurement system,measure the torsion angular displacement through the capacitive displacement sensor,and obtain the relationship between thrust and angular displacement,as well as other torsion pendulum system parameters;Then,according to the two impulse measurement methods,the electromagnetic solenoid and the permanent magnet are used to generate the instantaneous magnetic force and the fixed frequency magnetic force to act on the torsion pendulum to study the micro impulse measurement capability of the thrust measurement system.The experimental results show that the impulse measurement range of the thrust measurement system is from 0.05μN·s to 220μN·s,and the impulse measurement resolution can reach 0.02μN·s;Compared with method 1,using method 2 to measure micro-impulse can expand the impulse measurement range and improve the impulse resolution ability.
作者
杨超
贺建武
章楚
康琦
段俐
Yang Chao;He Jianwu;Zhang Chu;Kang Qi;Duan Li(Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《力学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期669-677,共9页
Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金
国家重点研发计划高精度推进器标定系统研制与性能测试技术研究(2021YFC2202800)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目(XDB23030300,XDA1502070901-01,XDA1502070503)。
关键词
微重力
扭摆
脉冲微推力器
微冲量测量
推力测量系统
microgravity
torsion pendulum
pulse micro thruster
micro impulse measurement
thrust measurement system
