摘要
为提高青冈属植物播种出苗率和幼苗生长速度,缩短育苗周期,以5种常用基质为原料,按照不同体积比配制了12种混合基质,通过对基质理化性质、播种出苗率及幼苗生长量的测定,分析不同混合基质对青冈属植物生长的影响,以筛选适合作为播种和幼苗期的基质。结果表明,12种基质对6种青冈属植物播种出苗率影响整体上差异不大,大多数平均出苗率都高于80%,部分可达到100%,只有个别基质的出苗率较低,低于80%;混合基质对幼苗生长速度影响差异明显,其中,草炭∶椰糠体积比为7∶3和草炭∶椰糠∶珍珠岩体积比为5∶3∶2的混合基质对幼苗生长促进作用较明显,而稻壳炭∶珍珠岩体积比为7∶3的基质最不利于幼苗生长。综合比较6个树种,筛选出最适合的基质配比为草炭∶椰糠体积比7∶3,在此基质中6个树种出苗率为85%~100%,株高每月平均增量为0.72~2.05 cm,地径每月平均增量为0.28~0.53 mm。在草炭∶椰糠体积比为7∶3的基质条件下,对比不同树种生长速度发现,赤皮青冈幼苗的株高和地径平均生长速度均最快,且明显快于其他树种;细叶青冈幼苗的株高生长速度最慢。
In order to improve the seeding emergence rate and seedling growth rate of Cyclobalanopsis and shorten the seedling raising cycle,twelve mixed substrates were prepared according to different ratios.The effects of different mixed substrates on growth of Cyclobalanopsis plants were analyzed by measuring the physical and chemical properties of substrates,emergence rate and seedling growth for selecting substrates suitable for sowing and seedling stage.The results showed that there was little difference between the effect of twelve substrates on the emergence rates of six Cyclobalanopsis species.The emergence rates of most substrates were higher than 80%,and some of them could reach 100%,there were a few substrates having lower emergence rates under 80%.The effects of mixed substrate on seedling growth rate had obvious difference,the substrates including 7∶3 of peat∶coconut bran and 5∶3∶2 of peat∶coconut bran∶Perlite had the most obvious effect on promotion of seedling growth,while,the substrate of 7∶3 of rice husk carbon∶Perlite was the most unfavorable to seedling growth.By comprehensively comparing six tree species,the most suitable substrate ratio was 7∶3 of peat∶coconut bran.In this substrate,the emergence rates of the six tree species were between 85%and 100%.The monthly average growth rate of plant height was 0.72-2.05 cm,and the monthly average growth rate of ground diameter was 0.28-0.53 mm.Under the substrate condition of 7∶3 of peat∶coconut bran,comparing the growth rates of different tree species,it was found that the average growth rates of plant height and ground diameter of Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedlings were the fastest,and obviously faster than other tree species.The growth rate of plant height of seedling of Cyclobalanopsis gracilis was the slowest.
作者
焦雪辉
史喜兵
申潇潇
JIAO Xuehui;SHI Xibing;SHEN Xiaoxiao(Zhengzhou Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Zhengzhou 450005,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2022年第4期532-539,共8页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省科技攻关项目(202102110081)。
关键词
基质配比
青冈属
出苗率
生长速度
substrate ratio
Cyclobalanopsis
emergence rate
growth rate
