摘要
目的了解雅安市各区县生活饮用水水质卫生情况,为雅安市制定饮水卫生管理办法提供相关依据。方法水样的采集、保存、运输和检测依据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)进行,水样的测定结果按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。数据采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析,使用χ^(2)检验对结果的差异性进行比较,检验水准为α=0.05。结果3年共检测水样2314份,合格1874份,总体合格率为80.99%,其中城区饮用水总合格率97.50%,农村饮用水总合格率75.71%,合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=130.848,P<0.001);枯水期水样总体合格率81.30%,丰水期水样总体合格率80.67%,合格率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.147,P=0.701);出厂水合格率76.00%,末梢水合格率82.79%,二次供水合格率97.33%,合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=28.610,P=0.005)。3年水质卫生监测不合格指标主要是总大肠菌群和菌落总数,其次是浑浊度、硫酸盐、氟化物、总硬度、肉眼可见物、色度、三氯甲烷和pH。结论雅安市生活饮用水水质卫生状况总体较好,微生物指标不合格仍是饮水安全主要问题,农村饮水合格率相对城市较低,需进一步加强饮水源头保护,定期维护或更新水质净化装置,加快完善农村水处理工艺,强化饮水卫生监管,提高居民饮水质量。
Objective To understand the drinking water quality and sanitation of the districts and counties of Yaan city,to ensure the safety of drinking water for residents,and to provide relevant basis for the formulation of drinking water sanitation management measures in our city.Methods The collection,storage,transportation and testing of water samples were carried out in accordance with“Standard Test Methods for Drinking Water”GB/T 5750-2006),and the measurement results of water samples were carried out in accordance with“Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water”GB5749-2006).SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis and chi-square test method was used to compare the difference between the results,the test levelα=0.05.Results A total of 2314 water samples were tested in three years,and 1874 were qualified.The overall qualification rate was80.99%.Among them,the total qualification rate of urban drinking water was 97.50%,and the total qualification rate of rural drinking water was 75.71%.The difference in the qualification rate was statistically significant(χ^(2)=130.848,P<0.001);the overall qualification rate of water samples in low water period was 81.30%,and the overall qualification rate of water samples in high water period was 80.67%.The difference in qualification rate was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.147,P=0.701);The qualified rate was 76.00%,the qualified rate of peripheral water was 82.79%,and the qualified rate of secondary water supply was 97.33%.The difference in qualified rate was statistically significant(χ^(2)=28.610,P=0.005).The unqualified indicators of the three-year water quality sanitation monitoring were mainly total coliforms and the total number of colonies,followed by turbidity,sulfate,fluoride,total hardness,naked eyes,chromaticity,chloroform and pH.Conclusions The sanitary condition of drinking water quality in Yaan City is generally good.Unqualified microbiological indicators are still the main problem of drinking water safety.The qualification rate of rural drinking water is relatively low compared with that in cities.It is necessary to further strengthen the protection of drinking water source,regularly maintain or update water purification devices and speed up improvement rural water treatment technology,strengthen the supervision of drinking water sanitation,and improve the quality of drinking water for residents.
作者
高郭
杨雅康
张国清
高薇
姜霞
彭晓娟
GAO Guo;YANG Ya-kang;ZHANG Guo-qing;GAO Wei;JIANG-xia;PENG Xiao-juan(Ycian City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yaan City 625000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
CAS
2022年第2期100-104,110,共6页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
生活饮用水
监测结果
微生物指标
合格率
城市
农村
drinking water
monitoring results
microbiological indicator
qualification rate
urban
rural area
