摘要
总结广东水稻病虫害专业化统防统治经验,为进一步推广病虫害统防统治服务提供指导。分析总结“县域供销服务平台+乡镇供销服务站”的区域属地化管理、选聘“村助理”直接对接农户、“属地飞手”的模式及智能高效农业社会化服务示范推广机制和推广应用效果。专业化统防统治对病虫害的防治效果显著提高,经分析对比,2017-2020年统防统治田块对稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、三化螟、纹枯病和稻瘟病的防治效果比农民自防分别提高6.40%~9.35%、2.4%~11.4%、3.5%~17.1%、6.8%~17.1%、1.1%~4.5%,增产增收作用明显。参与农作物病虫害专业化统防统治服务的水稻可增产减损750 kg/hm2以上。广东病虫害专业化统防统治取得显著的经济、社会和生态效益,打造了全省统防统治社会化服务“台山模式”和“台山样板”,形成了可复制的技术模式。减少了农药用量,减轻了农业面源污染,促进了农村环境增绿。
This article sums up the experience of specialized and unified control of rice diseases and insect pests in Guangdong,providing guidance for further promotion of unified control of diseases and insect pests.Analyzes and summarizes the regional localized management model of“county supply and marketing service platform+township supply and marketing service station”,and the model of selection and recruitment of“village assistants”and“territorial flier”who directly connect with farmers,and the demonstration and promotion mechanism and application effect of intelligent and efficient agricultural socialization services.Results showed that the efficacies of unified control on rice leaf roller,rice planthopper,rice stem borer,sheath blight and rice blast from 2017 to 2020 were 6.40%~9.35%,2.4%~11.4%,3.5%~17.1%,6.8%~17.1%,1.1%~4.5%higher than that of farmers’self-control,respectively.Unified control of diseases and insect pests could increase rice yield more than 750 kg/hm2,showing obvious yield and income increasing effect.The specialized and unified control of diseases and insect pests in Guangdong has achieved significant economic,social and ecological benefits.It created the“Taishan Model”and,a replicable technical model which could reduce pesticide usage and agricultural non-point source pollution,and promote environmental greening.
作者
姚伟英
林壁润
张永强
吴培坚
王飞钊
黄昭沛
张永祥
蒲小明
杨祁云
YAO Weiying;LIN Birun;ZHANG Yongqiang;WU Peijian;WANG Feizhao;HUANG Zhaopei;ZHANG Yongxiang;PU Xiaoming;YANG Qiyun(Guangdong Tianhe Agricultural Materials Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China;Plant Protection Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of High Technique for Plant Protection,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China)
出处
《农业研究与应用》
2022年第1期14-21,共8页
Agricultural Research and Application
基金
广东省乡村振兴专项2021年省供销社农业面源污染防控示范体系专项资金(粤财农〔2021〕59号)
广东省现代农业产业绿色发展共性关键技术研发创新团队建设项目(2021KJ112)。
关键词
农业社会化服务
水稻病虫害统防统治
植保无人机
台山模式
Agricultural socialization service
unified control of rice diseases and insect pests
drones for plant protection
Taishan model
