摘要
根际微生物是筛选作物有益菌的重要来源,以往主要从土壤栽培的健康作物根际分离有益菌。但近年来栽培基质广泛使用,因此,有必要从基质栽培的作物根际筛选有益菌,为未来开发适应基质栽培的菌剂提供材料和技术支持。本研究使用高通量测序技术对基质栽培的黄瓜根际细菌进行多样性检测,使用TSB培养基从中分离细菌并结合16S rRNA进行鉴定,随后通过固氮、解磷、产吲哚乙酸、产铁载体、产ACC脱氨酶平板定性筛选促生菌株,最后通过盆栽试验验证促生菌株活性。结果表明,基质栽培黄瓜根际细菌分属于5门6纲16目23科50属,其中丰度较高的属包括假苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、食酸菌属(Acidovorax)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、砂单胞菌属(Arenimonas)、新草螺菌属(Noviherbaspirillum)、嗜甲基菌属(Methylophilus)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)等。通过分离得到48株细菌,共26个种,从中筛选到促生细菌共16株,其中固氮菌4株、解磷菌3株、产吲哚乙酸菌3株、产ACC脱氨酶菌9株、产铁载体菌8株。黄瓜盆栽试验表明,上述16株细菌中D10、C4、C9可显著提高根干重;菌株C9、F4、D10、C4等可显著提高茎干重;菌株C4可显著提高根茎比;菌株C9、D10、F4、C4等可显著提高植株干重;菌株D10、C4、C9等可显著提高壮苗指数。总体来说,菌株D10(B.aquimaris)、C9(P.alcaligenes)、C4(B.endophyticus)对黄瓜促生效果明显,可在黄瓜基质栽培中使用。
Rhizosphere microbes are essential resources for selecting crop beneficial microbes. Those beneficial microbes are mainly isolated from healthy crops rhizosphere soil previous. In recent years, culture substrate has been widely used, so it is of key significance to isolate beneficial microbes from rhizosphere of crops cultivated in substrate, which would provide material and technical supports for developing microbial inoculum suitable for substrate cultivation. In this study, the rhizosphere bacterial diversity of healthy cucumber cultivated in substrate was detected with high-throughput sequencing technology, and the bacteria were isolated with TSB medium and identified with 16 S rRNA. Subsequently, the growth promoting bacteria were selected based on the activity of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolving, indoleacetic acid producing, siderophore producing and ACC deaminase producing. Lastly, the growth promoting effects of those selected bacteria were verified using pot experiments. The results showed that the rhizosphere bacteria of cucumber cultivated in substrate belonged to 5 phyla, 6 classes, 16 orders, 23 families and 50 genera. The abundant genera were as Phenylobacterium, Pseudomonas, Acidovorax, Flavobacterium, Arenimonas, Noviherbaspirillum, Methylophilus, Paenibacillus and Bacillus. Forty-eight bacterial strains, belonging to 26 species, were isolated. In which, 16 strains including 4 ones of nitrogen fixation bacteria, 3 ones of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, 3 ones of indoleacetic acid producing bacteria, 9 ones of siderophore producing bacteria, and 9 ones of ACC deaminase producing bacteria were selected as candidate growth promoting bacteria. The cucumber pot experiment revealed that the D10, C4 and C9 strains from the 16 ones significantly increased the root dry weight;the C9, F4, D10 and C4 strains significantly increased the stem dry weight;the C4 strain significantly increased the root/stem ratio;the C9, D10, F4 and C4 strains significantly increased the plant dry weight;the D10, C4 and C9 strains significantly increased the strength seedling index. Conclusively, the growth promoting effects of D10(B. aquimaris), C9(P. alcaligenes) and C4(B. endophyticus) bacterial strains were relatively better, so they could be used in cucumber cultivation in substrate.
作者
周方园
高云霄
赵晓燕
张广志
谢雪迎
张新建
Zhou Fangyuan;Gao Yunxiao;Zhao Xiaoyan;Zhang Guangzhi;Xie Xueying;Zhang Xinjian(Ecology Institute,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Jinan 250013,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第4期69-81,共13页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重大科技创新工程项目“基于微生物组学技术的功能型生物活性基质的研发”(2019JZZY020610)。
关键词
黄瓜
根际促生菌
多样性
无土栽培
育苗基质
Cucumber
Rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria
Diversity
Soilless cultivation
Nursery substrate
