摘要
目的了解深圳市南山区高血压患者现在吸烟和戒烟情况,并分析影响因素,为开展高血压患者控烟工作提供依据。方法收集2017—2019年南山区69家社区健康服务中心高血压患者资料,包括人口学信息、生活方式、吸烟和戒烟情况;描述不同性别、年龄等的高血压患者现在吸烟率和戒烟率,并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析现在吸烟和戒烟的影响因素。结果高血压患者4385例,年龄为(58.41±11.19)岁;男性2265例,占51.65%;女性2120例,占48.35%。现在吸烟724例,现在吸烟率为16.51%;男性为29.71%,女性为2.41%。戒烟424例,戒烟率为36.93%;男性为38.20%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=12.885,95%CI:9.567~17.354)、饮酒(OR=2.567,95%CI:2.118~3.111)是高血压患者现在吸烟的促进因素,年龄增长(OR=0.723,95%CI:0.642~0.815)、锻炼频率高(OR=0.881,95%CI:0.817~0.950)是阻碍因素;男性(OR=7.309,95%CI:3.304~16.165)、年龄增长(OR=1.381,95%CI:1.120~1.703)、未婚(OR=1.819,95%CI:1.329~2.490)、离异(OR=7.837,95%CI:1.254~48.975)、退休(OR=1.545,95%CI:1.095~2.180)、无业(OR=1.801,95%CI:1.057~3.066)、锻炼频率高(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.096~1.360)是高血压患者戒烟的促进因素,丧偶(OR=0.285,95%CI:0.089~0.906)、文化程度高(OR=0.766,95%CI:0.619~0.949)、饮酒(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.368~0.647)是阻碍因素。结论南山区高血压患者现在吸烟率低于一般人群,戒烟率高于一般人群;男性、中青年、在业、丧偶、文化程度高的患者是控烟工作的重点干预人群,控制饮酒和加强锻炼是降低吸烟率、提高戒烟率的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of current smoking and smoking cessation,and identify the influenc⁃ing factors among hypertensive patients in Nanshan District,Shenzhen City,so as to provide insights into smoking con⁃trol among hypertensive patients.Methods The demographic features,life style,status of smoking and smoking cessation in hypertensive patients were collected from 69 community health centers in Nanshan District from 2017 to 2019.The gender-and age-specific prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation was estimated among hypertensive patients,and the factors affecting hypertensive patients'smoking and smoking cessation were identified using a multivariable logistic re⁃gression model.Results Totally 4385 patients with hypertension were enrolled,with a mean age of(58.41±11.19)years,and the participants included 2265 men(51.65%)and 2120 women(48.35%).There were 724 current smokers,and the prevalence of current smoking was 16.51%,with 29.71%prevalence in males and 2.41%in females.There were 424 hypertensive patients quitting smoking,and the prevalence of smoking cessation was 36.93%,with 38.20%preva⁃lence in males.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified male(OR=12.885,95%CI:9.567-17.354)and drinking(OR=2.567,95%CI:2.118-3.111)as facilitating factors for current smoking among hypertensive patients,and increasing age(OR=0.723,95%CI:0.642-0.815)and high exercise frequency(OR=0.881,95%CI:0.817-0.950)as barrier factors,while male(OR=7.309,95%CI:3.304-16.165),increasing age(OR=1.381,95%CI:1.120-1.703),unmarried(OR=1.819,95%CI:1.329-2.490),divorced(OR=7.837,95%CI:1.254-48.975),retired(OR=1.545,95%CI:1.095-2.180),unem⁃ployed(OR=1.801,95%CI:1.057-3.066),and high exercise frequency(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.096-1.360)were identified as facilitating factors for smoking cessation among hypertensive patients and widowed(OR=0.285,95%CI:0.089-0.906),high educational level(OR=0.766,95%CI:0.619-0.949),and drinking(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.368-0.647)as barrier fac⁃tors.Conclusions The prevalence of smoking is lower,and the prevalence of smoking cessation is higher among hyper⁃tensive patients than among general populations in Nanshan District.Young and middle-aged,employed,widowed men with a high educational level are key populations for tobacco control,and alcohol consumption control and intensified ex⁃ercises are important measures to reduce the prevalence of smoking and improve the prevalence of smoking cessation.
作者
赵信星
王长义
戴舒红
陈洪恩
徐珊
梁晓峰
ZHAO Xinxing;WANG Changyi;DAI Shuhong;CHEN Hong'en;XU Shan;LIANG Xiaofeng(School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510632,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2022年第5期449-455,共7页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
深圳市医疗卫生三名工程(SZSM201803080)
南山区卫生科技计划资助(NS2021051)
南山区医学重点学科建设资助(慢性非传染性疾病)。
关键词
高血压
吸烟
戒烟
影响因素
hypertension
smoking
smoking cessation
influencing factor
