摘要
随着中国大多数油田已进入高含水期,原油流动特性发生了较大变化,传统的双管掺热水工艺流程能耗较高,为降低集输能耗,优化工艺流程,急需对管道低温集输特性开展研究。在华北油田某区块搭建了可视化试验管道,开展长期的低温集输试验,持续研究低温集输过程中高含水原油管输井口压力的变化规律和流型变化趋势。结果表明:不可低温集输油井的井口压力迅速上升至安全阈值,可低温集输油井井口压力变化分为4个阶段,长期监测发现井口压力会出现规律性波动;低温集输特性受油品物性、产液量、含水率及环境温度等因素的综合影响。试验观测到管道起点段流型为油气水分层波浪流,终点段油水流型随着集油温度降低由无胶凝淤积的分层流转变为有胶凝淤积的分层波浪流。研究结果能够指导现场安全生产及低温集输特性的深入研究。
As most of the oilfields in China enter the high water-cut period,the flow characteristics of crude oil change greatly,and the flow lines with the traditional two-pipe mixing hot water process have high energy consumption.In this case,it is urgent to study the flow characteristics of gathering at low temperature,so as to reduce the energy consumption and optimize the flow process of gathering.For this reason,a visual test pipeline was built in a block of Huabei Oilfield,and a test of low-temperature gathering was carried out in long time.In this way,the change law of wellhead pressure and the variation of flow pattern in the pipelines of crude oil at high water cut during low-temperature gathering were studied continuously.The results show that the wellhead pressure of wells where low-temperature gathering is impracticable rises rapidly to the safety threshold,while the wellhead pressure of the wells where low-temperature oil gathering is feasible changes in four stages.By long-term monitoring,it is found that the wellhead pressure fluctuates regularly,and the low-temperature gathering characteristics are comprehensively affected by the factors,including oil properties,liquid production,water cut and ambient temperature.In addition,stratified oil-water flow is observed in the starting section of the pipeline in the test,while the flow pattern in the end section changes from the stratified flow without gel deposition to the wavy stratified flow with gel deposition as the oil gathering temperature decreases.Conclusively,the study results could provide guidance to the in-depth study on the field safety of production and the characteristics of low-temperature gathering.
作者
杨东海
鲁晓醒
刘书军
梁昌晶
韩毅
谭浩
何利民
YANG Donghai;LU Xiaoxing;LIU Shujun;LIANG Changjing;HAN Yi;TAN Hao;HE Limin(College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China);CNPC Huabei Oilfield Company Engineering Technology Research Institute;CNPC Surface Engineering Pilot Test Center)
出处
《油气储运》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期311-317,共7页
Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目“管道内溶气稠油-水分散体系中相分布与流动特性研究”,51674281。
关键词
高含水
低温集输
现场试验
压降规律
流型观测
high water cut
low-temperature gathering
field test
pressure drop law
flow pattern observation
