摘要
[目的]本文旨在探讨植物源杀虫剂印楝素对高粱亚洲玉米螟的防治作用。[方法]采用人工饲料混药法测定印楝素对亚洲玉米螟的室内毒力,通过3地田间药效试验测定印楝素对高粱亚洲玉米螟的防治效果,并采用盆栽法测定印楝素对3个品种高粱植株的安全性。[结果]印楝素对亚洲玉米螟2龄幼虫的LC_(50)为6.44 mg·L^(-1),室内活性较强;3地印楝素对高粱亚洲玉米螟株防效和虫防效分别为80.07%~89.26%和73.51%~87.31%,与对照药剂相比防效更好;0.3%印楝素乳油有效成分18 g·hm^(-2)处理对3个品种高粱生长抑制率均显著高于有效成分4.5、9 g·hm^(-2)处理;药后14 d,0.3%印楝素乳油有效成分18 g·hm^(-2)处理时3个品种高粱均有1株出现边缘褪绿现象,0.3%印楝素乳油有效成分9 g·hm^(-2)处理时高粱‘赤杂16号’有1株出现边缘褪绿现象,但3个高粱品种生长均正常,对高粱安全。[结论]印楝素对高粱亚洲玉米螟有较好的室内活性与田间防治效果,对高粱植株相对安全。
[Objectives]The study aimed to study the control effect of botanical pesticide azadirachtin against Ostrinia furnacalis in sorghum.[Methods]The activity of azadirachtin against O.furnacalis was determined by diet incorporation method in the laboratory,the control efficacy was investigated in the three sorghum fields,and the safety evaluation on three sorghum varieties was determined by pot method.[Results]Under indoor condition,the LC_(50) value of 2nd instar larvae was 6.44 mg·L^(-1),and the activity was relative high.The efficacy on plant protection and insect control effects in three provinces were ranged from 80.07%to 89.26%and 73.51%to 87.31%,and those were significantly better than control pesticides.The growth inhibition rate of 0.3%azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate at the dosage of 18 g·hm^(-2) was significantly higher than 4.5,9 g·hm^(-2) for three sorghum varieties,one plant of all three sorghum varieties showed leaf edge chlorosis,and one plant of‘Chiza No.16’showed leaf edge chlorosis of 0.3%azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate at the dosage of 9 g·hm^(-2) after 14 d of spraying,the growth of three sorghum varieties was normal and safe for sorghum.[Conclusions]Azadirachtin had good toxicity activity and control effect against O.furnacalis,and it was safe for sorghum.
作者
夏丽娟
李靖
梁竟宇
王学贵
朱新成
李彬
李涌泉
XIA Lijuan;LI Jing;LIANG Jingyu;WANG Xuegui;ZHU Xincheng;LI Bin;LI Yongquan(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Chengdu Green Gold Biological Science & Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期539-544,共6页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
关键词
亚洲玉米螟
高粱
植物源杀虫剂
印楝素
毒力
安全性
田间防效
Ostrinia furnacalis Guenee
sorghum
botanical pesticide
azadirachtin
toxicity
safety
field effect
