摘要
肝硬化是由多种病因引起的肝脏组织纤维化,在病理学上表现为假小叶形成的一种严重肝脏疾病。肝硬化按病情严重程度分为代偿期和失代偿期,其中,腹水是肝硬化进展中的一个重要里程碑。腹水的相关治疗在临床上已经普遍达成共识,但在肝硬化腹水治疗后极易发生低钠血症,加上肝硬化患者传统上的限盐饮食,进一步加重低钠的下降速度及幅度。众多研究表明,肝硬化失代偿期的患者易发生各种并发症,如感染、电解质紊乱、肝性脑病、肝肾综合征等,而低钠血症反过来又增加了并发症的发生。本综述旨在针对肝硬化腹水患者合并低钠血症时,如何维持钠盐平衡,进行总结性概括。
Cirrhosis of the liver is a serious liver disease caused by fibrosis of liver tissues due to varieties of factors,which is pathologically manifested as the formation of pseudolobules.Cirrhosis can be divided into compensatory stage and decompensated stage according to the severity of the disease,in which ascites is an important factor in the progres⁃sion of cirrhosis.The treatment of ascites has generally reached a consensus in clinical practice.Hyponatremia is likely to occur after treatment of ascites due to cirrhosis,however,the traditional salt-restricted diet for patients with cirrhosis further aggravates the decline rate and range of hyponatremia.Many studies have shown that patients with decompensated cirrhosis are prone to various complications,such as infection,electrolyte disturbance,hepatic encephalopathy,hepa⁃torenal syndrome,etc.Hyponatremia can also increase the incidence of complications in turn.This review aims to make a summary of how to maintain the sodium salt balance in patients with cirrhosis ascites complicated with hyponatremia.
作者
刘冠帅
刘珊
吴雄健
LIU Guan-shuai;LIU Shan;WU Xiong-jian(Gannan Medical University;Department of Gastroenterology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)
出处
《赣南医学院学报》
2022年第3期326-330,共5页
JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
基金
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ190793)
赣南医学院科研课题(ZD201804)。
关键词
肝硬化
腹水
低钠血症
利尿剂
钠盐
白蛋白
Cirrhosis
Ascites
Hyponatremia
Diuretics
Sodium salt
Albumin
